1. Grade 8: U.S. History Liberty Middle School 1 Learning Objective: (Word Transfer T-S-PS-NV ) Activate Prior Knowledge Remember, your point of view is how you see something. In this picture some people see an old lady, some people see a young lady. Your background and experiences help shape how you view things (point of view). Connect APK to LO: Just as people have different points of view about this picture, people naturally have different points of view about how our government should be run. Today we will learn about two men and their viewpoints about government. Students will be able to contrast 1 the role of government according to Jefferson’s and Hamilton’s points of view 2. 1 contrast: tell the differences between 2 points of view: how people see things

2. Grade 8: U.S. History Liberty Middle School 2 Concept Development: Two of the most important points of view about our early government came from Alexander Hamilton and Thomas Jefferson. They became political rivals 3 with differing points of view about the role of government. First, their backgrounds… Alexander HamiltonThomas Jefferson Birth Occupation Role in the Revolution Role in Washington’s Government 3 rivals: people who see things differently from each other. 4 Secretary of Treasury: handles America’s money for the President 5 Secretary of State: handles America’s relationships with other countries for the President Pair Share: Do you think these two men might have different points of view about life? Tell your partner why. Caribbean; born poor but worked to become wealthy Virginia; born into a wealthy family Secretary of State 5 Secretary of the Treasury 4 Wrote the Declaration of Independence General in Washington’s Army Plantation farmer, agriculture City banker, commerce and business

3. Grade 8: U.S. History Liberty Middle School 3 Concept Development: Pair Share: In your own words, how are Hamilton’s and Jefferson’s views of human nature different? Alexander HamiltonThomas Jefferson Human Nature 6 6 human nature: what humans would do without rules 7 self-interest: idea that people will always do what is good for them. Pair Share: Which of these two points of view on human nature do you agree with? Why? Doesn’t trust the average person to do the right thing on their own. Argued the people would choose their self-interests 7 over the interests of the nation. Thought the “common man” could make good decisions if “he” were provided with proper information. Believed in democracy.

4. Grade 8: U.S. History Liberty Middle School 4 Concept Development: Pair Share: Which of these men would be in favor of a large national government? How do you know? Alexander HamiltonThomas Jefferson Best Form of Government Thought only the wealthy elite had the capability of governing effectively. Strong supporter of a powerful federal government. Worried that power in the hands of a few would lead to corruption. Supported giving power to the states and keeping the federal government small.

5. Grade 8: U.S. History Liberty Middle School 5 Concept Development: Alexander HamiltonThomas Jefferson Views on the Constitution 8 intent: what they meant to do Loose construction: The government can do whatever is necessary to accomplish the intent 8 of what the Constitution says. Strict construction: The government can only do what is written in the Constitution. Pair Share: What would someone who believes in strict construction say about the government requiring everyone to have health care(the Constitution says nothing about this)? Loose Construction?

6. Grade 8: U.S. History Liberty Middle School 6 Skill Development/Guided Practice: 1. Read each quote carefully. CFU 2. Decide if the quote belongs to either Hamilton or Jefferson. CFU: How did I/you identify an example? 3. In the third box, discuss how you know. Use evidence from the quote to support your answer.. QuoteWho Said It? (Pair- Share) How do you know? (Use evidence) (Pair-Share) “The people are turbulent and changing; they seldom judge or determine right.” “Our country is too large to have all affairs directed by a single government.” “ I am not among those who fear the people. They, not the rich, are our dependence for continued freedom.” (Pair Share where to find it) “Give therefore to the first class [wealthy] a permanent share of the government. They will maintain good government.” (Pair-Share where to find it) “All powers not delegated [given] to the United States by the Constitution…are reserved to the states or to the people.” “The powers stated in a constitution…ought to be applied liberally [loosely] in advancement of the public good.” Hamilton I know this because Hamilton believed that people would often not do what was right. Pair Share: Show your shoulder partner where I found this answer in the notes. I know this because __________ believed that Jefferson Federal government should be small Jefferson Hamilton Jefferson I know this because Jefferson favored the poor or the “common man.” I know this because Hamilton believed that the rich (wealthy) should run the government. I know this because Jefferson believed in Strict construction (the government can only do what is in the Constitution). I know this because Hamilton believed in loose construction (government can do what is necessary).

7. What is the role of government today? What should it be? Relevance: Pair-Share: What other reasons might make it important to understand this issue today? 200+ years after Hamilton and Jefferson, we are still debating these issues. States rights issues Is the federal government too powerful? Political Parties emerge out of this very debate between these two men. Our two political parties (Democrat and Republican) still debate this issue.

8. Grade 8: U.S. History Liberty Middle School 8 Independent Practice Use your notes to complete the following. 1. Contrast the role of government according to Jefferson’s and Hamilton’s points of view. Write a summary of their ideas. ________________________________________________________________

9. Grade 8: U.S. History Liberty Middle School 9 Independent Practice Use your notes to complete the following. 1. Contrast the role of government according to Jefferson’s and Hamilton’s points of view. Write a summary of their ideas. __When it came to the role of government, Jefferson believed…__________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________ Hamilton believed…__________________________________________________

10. Grade 8: U.S. History Liberty Middle School 10 Word TransferEx. “When I say determine, you say figure out. When I say figure out, you say determine” TTeacher pre-reads SStudents read T/STeacher and Students read PSPair Share on a higher order question NV Non-volunteer, about 3 students VTake a Volunteer PS Pair Share on a higher order question and give them a sentence frame CFUAsk a higher order question to check for understanding CFU(in the Skill Development) Asking a process question may not be necessary WBStudents use a whiteboard for short response Delivery Strategies Legend – Consider putting these symbols as reminders to use the strategies at first. You can delete them as you get used to the pattern of the delivery. Do Not Print For Students