1. 6/12/2016A.P.P.L.E. 1 Understanding the Rhetorical Situation: A.P.P.L.E. eswalker

2. 6/12/2016A.P.P.L.E. 2 Why is it important? When we write for others and that writing is based on previous reading and listening we have done, we enter a “conversation.” In a sense, all academic knowledge is a written conversation. This written conversation requires a careful analysis so that our contribution to it is credible.

3. 6/12/2016A.P.P.L.E. 3 How can I use it? You can use the APPLE rhetorical analysis in any communicative situation, whether you are participating or simply observing. By doing so, you will find that you will improve both your analytical and communication skills.

4. 6/12/2016A.P.P.L.E. 4 Audience Why is audience important to consider? We shape our language according to the needs and expectations of our audience. We also determine which type of evidence is appropriate depending on our audience.

5. 6/12/2016A.P.P.L.E. 5 Purpose Before we begin a writing task, we must understand what our purpose is. Here are some common writing purposes: To summarize To narrate To inform To explain To persuade To report To define To classify

6. 6/12/2016A.P.P.L.E. 6 Presentation (or Genre) Once we know who our audience is and what our purpose is, we need to know what writing presentation or genre is appropriate. These are some common writing genres: Personal essay Annotated bibliography/summary Research paper Reaction/review Documented argument Business letter/memo Report

7. 6/12/2016A.P.P.L.E. 7 Language We also adapt and shape our language according to our audience and purpose. For example, our language might be Informal Formal Descriptive Precise Technical Scientific Bureaucratic Legalistic Our language should always be clear!

8. 6/12/2016A.P.P.L.E. 8 Evidence 1 Unlike rhetorical situations that involve family and friends, in academic and professional settings we must always have evidence to support and develop our claims.

9. 6/12/2016A.P.P.L.E. 9 Evidence 2 Typical forms of evidence include Facts Statistics Examples/illustrations Appeals (to authority, to emotion) Anecdotes Personal experience Logic Graphs, charts, pictures Quotations (e.g. of experts)

10. 6/12/2016A.P.P.L.E. 10 In summary Understanding the rhetorical situation is key to our academic and professional success as writers.