1.  What does M.A.I.N. stand for?  What makes a country great?  What domestic conditions and foreign alliances characterize a great nation?  What countries are great nations today?

2. Do Now:  Turn to page 421 in your textbook.  What were 4 reasons that the U.S. declared war on Germany?

3. America and WWI Chapter 12 Section 2/3

4. The U-Boat  To break stalemate at sea, Germany began to use the U-Boat  U-Boat = Submarine  British cut the transatlantic cable connected Germany and the U.S.connected Germany and the U.S. only news with a pro-Allied bias reached U.S.only news with a pro-Allied bias reached U.S. American public opinion swayed against Germany’s U-boat tactics.American public opinion swayed against Germany’s U-boat tactics.

5. The Sinking of the Lusitania  On May 7,1915, a German U-boat sank the British passenger liner Lusitania Carried passengers and weapons for the Allies.Carried passengers and weapons for the Allies.  128 American passengers were on board Brought the United States closer to involvement in the war.Brought the United States closer to involvement in the war.

6. German Unterseeboot

7. Sussex Pledge  More Americans were killed when Germany sank the Sussex, a French passenger steamship, on March 24,1916.  Sussex Pledge- German government promised that U-boats would warn ships before attacking

8. The Zimmermann Note  Britain intercepted telegram to the government of Mexico from Germany’s foreign minister (Zimmerman)  Zimmermann note-Germany offered to return American lands to Mexico if Mexico declared war on the U.S.  Neither Mexico nor President Wilson took the Zimmermann note seriously, but it brought America closer to entering the war.

9. Declaration of War  As Germany continued to sink American ships, Wilson’s patience wore out  April 6, 1917, the President signed Congress’s war resolution, officially bringing the United States into the war.

10. German “Huns” (propaganda)

12. Entering the War  Selective Service Act-Created the draft for forced military service (Conscription)  24 Million registered  3 million were chosen by “lottery”  11,000 Nurses  Many African Americans volunteered or were drafted for service. served in segregated units and were often relegated to non-combat roles.served in segregated units and were often relegated to non-combat roles.

13. General Pershing

14. Kaiser Wilhelm II

15. Harlem Hellfighters

16. “Doughboys”

18. WWI Bombers

19. Women in WWI

21. Convoy System

22. Trenchfoot

23. “Big Bertha”

24. Technical Data Calibre: 420mm (16.5 in) Range: 12.5Km (7.7 miles) Projectile Weight: 1763 lbs Muzzle Velocity: 400 meters/second Length: 6.72 meters Crew: 285 men Fire speed: 8 rounds per hour

25. Fighting  New military transportation, including tanks, airplanes, and German zeppelins, or floating airships  Germany would make a peace treaty with Russia allowing it to focus its attention on Western Europe  Arrival of U.S. troops turned the tide of war for the Allies.

26. Eastern Front

27. Western Front

28. End of the War  Allied attacks and domestic revolutions forced the Central Powers to collapse one by one. Austria-Hungary splintered into smaller nations of ethnic groupsAustria-Hungary splintered into smaller nations of ethnic groups German soldiers refused to fight, feeling that defeat was inevitable.German soldiers refused to fight, feeling that defeat was inevitable.  Leader of Germany flees and the new German republic signed an armistice, or cease-fire, on November 11, 1918.

30. Allies

31. Central Powers

32. 1918 Influenza  50 million deaths  Life Expectancy decreased by 12 years  675,000 Americans died (est.)  28% of all Americans at the time  “The Mother of All Pandemics”

33. Not Called WWI until WW2 Started  The Great War  The War to End All Wars  The World War

34. Guess who was there...

35. Review Questions 1. What was the Sussex Pledge? 2. How did the Zimmermann Note help push the U.S. to the side of the Allies? 3. Define Armistice 4. What was the Lusitania? 5. What where some new inventions that changed how war was fought? (list 3)