1. Entry #22 China & Mongolia

2.  archipelago  Asian Tigers  Boxer Rebellion  Buddhism  Change Jiang (Yangtze) River  Confucianism  dynasty  Globalization   Hong Kong  Huang He (Yellow River)  industrialization  Korean Conflict  Kunlun Mountains  Korean Peninsula  Mao Zedong  monsoons  Mount Juji  pagoda  Pacific Rim  push-pull factors  Qinling (Tsinling)  Xi Jiang (West) River  recession  Ring of Fire  Shanghai  Shintoism  South China Sea  Sphere of Influence  sweatshops  Taklimakan Desert  Taoism  tsunami  typhoon  Three Gorges Dam

3. 3 Introduction –East Asia is the most populous region in the world –China is the most populous country, and the oldest continuous national culture –East Asia is one of the core areas of the world economy and an emerging center of political power

4. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 4 Relative Location

5. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 5 Comparing Size & Latitude

6. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 6 China’s Demographics 1.357 BILLION!! Annual natural increase 0.9% (1970s - 3%) Life expectancy: 69 (males), 73 (females) TFR 1.8 born/women (1997) Physiological density-3,594 people/sq mi –Only 10% of the land is arable and 80% of the population lives on this land Distribution: western 2/3s is sparsely populated (minorities)

7. The East Asian Realm Physical landforms –One of the most rugged topography in the world. –Complex landforms created by tectonic activity. –Limited flat land: –Himalayas: Contains the highest mountains in the world.

8. Mountains  The most important mountain range in Asia is the Himalaya Mountains.  The Himalayas separate India from China.  The Himalayas block clouds that are formed by monsoons from entering Western China.  The Himalayas isolate Tibet and make transportation difficult.

9. China’s Rivers 1- Huang He (Yellow River). –Can carry up to 40% sediment weight (highest in the world). –Subject to flooding, especially in its delta. –Changed course many times. 2- Chang Jiang (Yangtze). –Longest river, China’s main street (6,300 km). –Flood of 1998 left 14 million homeless. 3- Pearl River delta system –Most productive and sustainable ecosystem in the world. –Rice paddies and fish ponds. 4- Heilong Jiang (Amur). –China's border with Russia. 1 2 3 4

10. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 10 Three Gorges Dam –The Three Gorges Dam Controversy Chinese government wants to dam the Yangtze (Chang Jiang) River with the largest hydroelectric dam in the world –Purpose: control floods & generate electricity –Problems: Will jeopardize animal species and displace up to 2 million people

11. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 11 Other problems with water: –Flooding in Northern China Northern China Plain has long been plagued with floods and droughts –Worst floods caused by Huang He (Yellow River) –Huang He carries a huge sediment load (suspended clay, silt, sand); is the world’s muddiest river –Many dikes, but it’s still “the river of China’s sorrow”

12. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 12 Warm Cold

13. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 13 Dry Wet

14. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 14 Population and Settlement: Urbanization in East Asia The region was overwhelmingly rural until end of World War II –Chinese Cities Oldest cities were fortified; houses built around courtyards, narrow alleyways Colonial period changed urban form, emphasized coastal cities Beijing (13 million) – capital during the Manchu period (1644–1912)

15. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 15 Confucianism Unifying Cultural Characteristics (cont.) –The Confucian Legacy Confucianism: the philosophy developed by Confucius has a strong influence on the region 551- 479 BC- took on spiritual proportions after his death- Confucianism Emphasized that human virtues, rather than godly connections, should determine a person’s place in society Obedience to authority; authority figures must act in a caring manner; education also important

16. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 16 Religion in China Religious Unity and Diversity in East Asia –Mahayana Buddhism Diffused to China from India by the second century A.D.; widespread throughout the region Nonexclusive: may be followed by people professing faith in other religions Simplifies quest for total enlightenment (nirvana) with beings who refuse divine union for themselves to help others spiritually

17. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 17 The Great Wall Several walls were built over a long period Protection from Mongol horsemen from the north – communication system

18. Globalization & Diversity: Rowntree, Lewis, Price, Wyckoff 18 Economic and Social Development: Chinese Development (cont.) –Social Conditions in China China has made large investments in medical care and education Regional contrasts in social development, well-being –China’s Population Quandary 1.2 billion people in China –Establishment of the “one child policy” –Gender imbalance, other unintended consequences –The Position of Women Traditionally low position in Chinese society

19. China’s Economies Contrasts –Authoritarian Government / Opening of the Economy. –Inward-Looking History / Outward-Looking Future. –Rural Interior / Urbanizing Coast. –Wheat Growing North / Rice Growing South. –Hans / Minorities. –Mandarin Hans / Non- Mandarin Hans (Cantonese, Wu, Hakka, etc.). Command Market Isolation Openness UrbanRural Wheat Rice

20. China Manufacturing World dominance in manufacturing –50% of the world's TVs. –60% of the world's cell phones. –50% the world's shoes (and 95% of those sold in the United States). –80% of the toys sold in the United States. –90% of the sporting goods sold in the United States. –100% of Levi's blue jeans are now made in China.

21. And the craziest thing you could go and do in China?

22. Teahouse in China Let's go have some tea. We will take a mountain trail stroll in China. 1st - Let's take the tram up to the start of the trail. DON’T WRITE

23. Now follow the path. DON’T WRITE

24. Be sure to hold on to the railing. DON’T WRITE

25. Keep an eye on the person in front of you. DON’T WRITE

26. Be very careful when passing someone going in the opposite direction. DON’T WRITE

27. Now just up a few steps. (They are on the left in the picture) DON’T WRITE

28. Gets a little steeper here - so put your toes in the holes. DON’T WRITE

29. A few more steps to go. DON’T WRITE

30. Finally in sight, the Teahouse! The view's great, BUT - Would you dare try it? How'd they get that building material up there? DON’T WRITE