1. Government of Chile MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND COOPERATION May 2002

2. Total: 756,626 Km2 in the continent, 1,250,000 Km2 in Antartica. Political – Administrative Organization: 13 regions 51 provinces 341 communes Chile GOVERNMENT OF CHILE MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND COOPERATION

3. Situation for the year 2000 Total Population:15,211,308 Female Proportion: 50.5 Vegetative Growth: 1.5 Life Expectancy for 2000-2005: Women:79.0 Men:73,0 Demographic Context GOVERNMENT OF CHILE MINISTRY OF PLANNING AND COOPERATION

4. Demographic Context Chile is undergoing an aging demographic transition of its population. This transition will take three or four more decades. The country’s demographic context is a fundamental factor for the development of social policies, especially in matters related to the social protection of the adult population.

5. Demographic Context Population Projection Age Structure 2000 2010

6. Demographic Context Life Expectancy at Birth in Years

7. Determining Axis in the Country’s Development in the 1990-2000 Decade Political Stability Social Development Economic Growth

8. It refers to the strengthening and development of the democratic institutionalization. Political Stability

9. It relates to policies targeted to improving the population’s life conditions. Social Development

10. SOCIAL PUBLIC EXPENDITURE PER CAPITA 1990-2000 (In pesos of 2000) Social Development $ per capita

11. Economic Growth Economic Growth  Between 1990 and 2000, the Gross Domestic Product (GDP) showed an average annual growth rate of 6.3%

12. During this period the inflation rate decreased steadily from 27.3% to 4.5% Economic Growth Economic Growth Inflation Annual Rate Evolution

13. The population’s average income per capita increases from US$ 2,315 in 1990 to US$ 4,603 in the year 2000 1990 – 2000 Income Evolution US$ per capita

14. The country’s Political Stability, Social Development and Economic Growth created an effective context for the successful application of social policies targeted to poverty and indigence reduction.

15. Percentage of the Poor and Indigent Population in Chile 1990-2000 Non indigent poor Indigent Total Poverty

16. Between 1990 and 2000 The percentage of the poor population in Chile decreases from 38.6% to 20.6% The pace of reduction stops from 1996 on, and it shows a standstill in the indigence situation

17. The Public Expenditure Growth is Reflected Mainly on: HealthEducationHousing

18. Public expenditure on health increased more than twice in real terms Important improvements are made on: personnel salaries extension of primary health care coverage creation of emergency primary care services Health 1990 - 2000

19. The series of measures carried out in the health sector have been translated into the improvement of mortality and life expectancy indexes Infant mortality decreased from 16 per thousand in 1990 to 10 per thousand born alive in the year 2000 Life expectancy at birth increased from 72.7 years in 1990 to 75.2 years in 2000 Health 1990 - 2000

20. Education 1990 - 2000 The educational system total coverage between these years has increased from: 20.9% to 32.4% in Pre-school education 96.8% to 98.6% in Basic education 80.5% to 90.0% in Secondary education 16.0% to 31.5% in Higher education

21. Education 1990 - 2000 Iliteracy decreases from 6.3% to 4,4% Schooling years average in the population 15 years and older increased from 9.0 to 9.8 years in average.

22. Housing 1990 - 2000 Social expenditure in housing has increased at an annual average rate of 5.1% Housing Policy’s Main Objective: elimination of housing deficit improvement of housing materials and sanitation standards

23. Main Challenges for the Next Years End the current indigence situation Decrease all poverty levels Reduce all inequality gaps, mainly in the area of income differences Design and implement new strategies that stimulate the fight against poverty

24. New Strategies Organizational redesign to strengthen and organize state institutions responsible for social protection social Implementation of information systems for social protection policies. Change of unit or focus target: The family and not the individual

25. An Example of a New Strategy to Address Indigence

26. “Intervention strategy favoring families in extreme poverty” MIDEPLAN, in conjuction with other institutions, designed an “Intervention strategy favoring families in extreme poverty” This option represents just one among several alternatives to address the problem. It is mainly based on successful experiences in the municipal and private sectors.

27. A New Strategy to Address Indigence Comprehensive and inter-sectoral in nature. Organized around a supply of services and benefits. Directed through work within a network. Considering the family as an intervention unit.

28. Bridge Program Within the framework of the defined strategy, FOSIS, under the order of MIDEPLAN, develops the, targeted to 177,000 between the years 2002 and 2005, which allows... FOSIS, under the order of MIDEPLAN, develops the Bridge Program, targeted to 177,000 Indigent Families between the years 2002 and 2005, which allows...

29.  Facilitate the work of all institutions involved in the task of overcoming poverty.  Optimize the use of existing public resources in favor of families in poverty.  Improve the allocation and focus of resources on the intra-poverty area through access to them generated in the work with their own families.

30. The Program has been structured based on 4 main components Personalized attention at home by a FAMILY PROMOTER, asigned to a family for 6 months, and thereafter as a local network resource. From a especially designed play methodology, and signing of contracts between the promoter and the family to achieve the minimum quality of life conditions set forth by the Program. MONITORING AND EVALUATION

31. In 2002 the Program started in 4 of the country’s regions Magallanes Punta Arenas Natales Porvenir Maule All communes (30) Antofagasta All communes (9) Metropolitan La Cisterna San Joaquin Pedro Aguirre Cerda San Ramon La Granja El Espejo Maipo Province Melipilla Province