1. + Migration Impacts of population structure

2. + Starter…. What explanations can we offer to account for the shape of this pyramid?

3. + Key Questions How does migration affect population structure? How does natural population change and migration affect the structure of rural and urban areas? What is the impact of over- urbanisation?

4. + Mexico City – A Primate City Mexico City is sited on the lake bed of the Aztec city of Tenochtitlan. It is one of the world's highest capitals - at an altitude of over 2,000 m. The city has sprawled over the valley of Mexico as its population has mushroomed. In 1900 it covered just 27.5 square kilometres and now it has an area of over 1,250 square kilometres. It is one of the world's "mega-cities". Urban sprawl has spread out to the surrounding mountains and there is little room for any more growth.

5. + Population growth Mexico City has a population of around 20 million people. This is approximately 20% of the entire country's population. It has more people than the next 15 cities in the country added together. Many people regard it as the largest city in the world. Rural to urban migration continues to add thousands of people to the population each week. Natural increase is higher in Mexico City than in the rural areas - it has a younger population and a lower death rate. Mexico City has a population density of nearly 15,000 people for each square kilometre. Rural to urban migration has slowed down - natural increase is the main reason for Mexico City's population growth.

7. Important component of globalization and economic development No opportunities in Rural Areas Transition from Rural to Urban Economy Much of the migration is to the U.S Rural Migration in Mexico

8. Economic Incentives Underdevelopment may drive migration because the income structure is highly segmented between urban and rural areas Non-economic Incentives (eg: social) Migrant Networks The US process of immigrant legalisation Land reforms Accumulated effects Incentives for Rural Migration

9. Study figures 2.25 and 2.26 on page 36 in Flint. Draw a sketch of the pyramid for Mexico and Puebla (poor rural area). Underneath write a comparison of the population pyramids– see figure 2.28 on page 37 for location map. What do these pyramids tell you about the type of people involved in this rural to urban migration to Mexico City? What do you think are the effects of urbanisation upon birth rates, death rates and natural growth rates in: the city? rural districts? Tasks

10. Population growth in an urban area which outstrips its job market and the capacity of its infrastructure; 'urbanization without industrialization' (M. Davis2006 ). Overurbanisation

11. Urban primacy indicates the largest city in a country. Such a city is called a primate city. In other words, urban primacy can be defined as the central place in an urban or city network that has acquired or obtained a great level of dominance. Urban Primacy

12. Huge cities that capture such a large proportion of a country's population as well as its economic activity. These primate cities are often, but not always, the capital cities of a country. They dominate the country in influence and are the national focal-point. Their sheer size and activity becomes a strong pull factor, bringing additional residents to the city and causing the primate city to become even larger and more disproportional to smaller cities in the country. Primate City

13. + One of the effects of over urbanisation! http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=goh8k4Zxbh4

14. Explain what is meant by urban primacy? What evidence is there that Mexico City is a primate city? In the case of Mexico City, do you consider this to be a good thing or a bad thing? Explain your answer. Read the handout about the advantages and disadvantages of rapid urbanisation for Mexico City and Flint pages 39 - 40. Present the information in tabulated form. Include dates, facts, figures and case study material on Mexico City. Tasks