1. Question of the Day Which group - men or women - would have done most of the work to bring change during the Progressive Movement? Why?

2. Temperance Movement SOL #: II.4e IAN: Pages 35 - 36 Table of Contents

3. 1.What was the Temperance Movement? 2.What did the Temperance Movement accomplish? Page 35

4. The reforms of the Progressive Movement did not stop in the workplace. Many reformers were opposed to the making and consuming of alcohol in the United States.

5. Members of this Temperance (to not drink alcohol) Movement believed that alcohol caused crime, poverty, and family problems. They wanted to stop the manufacture, and sale of alcohol completely.

6. The Temperance Movement began with the Women’s Temperance Crusade of 1873. In that year, women nationwide visited saloons and scolded saloonkeepers for selling alcohol. They prayed and sang hymns in front of saloons and bars everywhere.

7. The Temperance Crusade swept through 23 states and resulted in a number of saloons being closed.

8. Two organizations opposed to the sale of alcohol appeared in 1874. One was the Anti-Saloon League. The other was the Women’s Christian Temperance Union. Many women were leaders in the temperance drive, but none stood out more than Carry Nation. She turned out to be a one-woman wrecking crew.

9. Perhaps Nation’s hatred of liquor began with her first husband, who was a drunkard. When he died, she remarried, this time to a minister named David Nation. She started having visions that God chose her to lead a fight against the use of alcohol. She even believed there was something magic in her name: Carry A. Nation.

10. Nation started slowly, and at first, limited herself to praying outside of saloons. Then she started going inside and smashing bottles and beer kegs. Soon, she was using a hatchet to chop up furniture and break windows in saloons.

11. Nation was a powerful woman with a nasty temper. She was six feet tall, and was scary with her hatchet. She was arrested many times, and once spent almost two months in jail.

12. Later, she established a home for the wives of drunkards. She died before her dream could become a reality.

13. Carry A. Nation

14. Opposing Contrasts of American Life (1:58)

15. Women’s Christian Temperance Union

17. Temperance Movement 1.Composed of groups opposed to the making and consuming of alcohol –Women’s Christian Temperance Union –Carry A. Nation Page 36

18. In January 1920, their cause was strengthened when the 18 th Amendment to the Constitution ended the legal manufacture, transportation, and sale of alcoholic beverages in the U.S.

19. This time period is known as, Prohibition (time period when alcohol was illegal) because alcoholic beverages were prohibited (not allowed). After 14 years, the 18 th Amendment was repealed, or ended. It was hard to enforce, and actually brought an increase to crime and the consumption (use) of alcohol.

20. DW Griffith: What Drink Did (5:53)

21. Temperance Movement 2.Supported the 18 th Amendment that ended the manufacture, sale and transport of alcoholic beverages. –The passage of this Amendment started Prohibition Page 36

22. Prohibition Temperance Movement Carry A. Nation Women's Christian Temperance Union

23. Review 1.What does temperance mean? 2.What did members of the Temperance Movement want? 3.What were some of the things these members did?

24. Review 4.What was the name of the largest Temperance Movement organization? 5.Who was the most famous Temperance Movement woman? 6.When did the 18 th Amendment take effect?

25. Review 7.What did the 18 th Amendment do? 8.Did the 18 th Amendment last? 9.Why didn’t it last?

26. Put on Your Thinking Cap Was Carry Nation right or wrong in the way she attacked the sale of alcoholic drinks? Tell why you feel this way. Was the Temperance Movement successful in its reform? Why or why not? Why would most of the people in the Temperance Movement be women?