1. Greek and Latin Root Words

2.  Over 60 percent of all words in the English dictionary are based on Latin or Greek roots.  90 percent of English words with more than two syllables come from Latin and Greek words.

3.  Prefixes, bases, and suffixes are roots. Every root has a meaning. When joined together, roots make words.  The BASE describes the main idea.  The PREFIX and/or SUFFIX give important details about that main idea.  Prefixes come at the beginning of words  Bases come in the middle of words  Suffixes come at the end of words

4.  What does this word mean? Pneumonoultramicroscopicsilicovolcanoconiosis  In pairs, try to come up with a definition (look for words you know)

5.  Context Clue: Because of his closeness to Mt. Saint Helens, he contracted pneumonoultramicroscopivsilicovolcanoconiousis.  Word Roots: Pneumono: related to the lungs. Ultra: super Micro: small Scopic: relating to a viewing instrument Silico: the mineral silicon Volcano: eruption of the Earth from which molten rock, steam, and dust issue Coni (konis): dust Osis: referring to a diseased condition  Definition: A disease of the lungs caused by habitual inhalation of very fine silicon dust particles.

6.  A prefix can negate a base  un+able=unable  non+sense=nonsense  A prefix can give base directional force  sub+marine=submarine  ex+port=export  A prefix can intensify a base’s meaning  per+fection= perfection  Con+cise=consise

7.  http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PI_0cam hHUI&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mod e=1&safe=active http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PI_0cam hHUI&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mod e=1&safe=active

8.  In pairs, list all prefixes you can think of  Create a class list on chart paper

9.  Some Latin prefixes ending in a consonant may undergo a spelling modification when attached to a base beginning with a consonant.  The final letter of the consonant may change into another consonant  In general, this change only occurs when the resulting consonant cluster is difficult to pronounce

10.  Base leg means law as in legal. When the prefix in attaches results in the word inlegal, which is difficult to pronounce. The make it easier, the n changes to the same consonant and the 1 st letter of the prefix (illegal).  Immigrant- in-mi-grant  Irrigate- in-rigate

11.  Aggravate (adgravate)  Affix (adfix)  Attract (adtract) ad=toward, tract= pull,draw,drag ***Clue-to find AD words, look for double consonants near the beginning of a word

12.  How do each of these words mean to, toward, add to? Then describe the assimilation process with each word. Appreciate Affirm Assimilate Append Attribute Alleviate Aggressive Abbreviate  Now with your partner, create 5 words using the prefix ad

13.  My favorite word: digress gress=step, go  Discredit (cred=believe)  Distractions (tract=?)  Disruptive (rupt=break)  Divert (vert=turn)  Dismiss (miss=send)  Dispense (pens=weigh, hang, pay  Disinterested In partners, come up with a short definition including the prefix meaning

14.  How do these words mean apart, in a different direction, or not:  Our attention was diverted by the loud music  She divulged a secret that changed all their lives.  Sometimes people distort the truth.  The talk was disjointed and hard to follow.  His clothes were in a state of disarray.

15.  Put the following words into “negative” (not) or “directional” (apart, in different directions) categories:  Dissect  Differ  Distribute  Disconnect  Disapprove  Disseminate  Dispenser  Disheartened

16.  Usually attach to Greek bases  Usually scientific, technical, or medical in nature  Comes from the 1 st letter of the Greek alphabet, alpha  It is a when attaching to a base beginning with a consonant (apolitical= no interest in politics)  When the base begins with a vowel or the letter h, we add n to make it easier to pronounce (anaerobic= activity not aerobic)

17.  With a partner, predict how the meaning of these words could include not or without:  Anonymous  Amnesia  Anesthesia  Amorphous  Anhydrous  Asymptomatic

18.  Anarchist arch=rule  Abyss byss=bottom  Anemic (h)em=blood  Apathy pathy=feelings,emotions  Atheisttheist= believe in god(s)

19.  Find a word with the prefix a/an that we did not talk about in class.  Create a quick charade (no talking or sound) to act out the word.  The class will try to guess your word

20.  Scientific, technical, or medical  If the base begins with a consonant, eu is used (eulogy=good word spoken)  If the base begins with a vowel, ev is used (evangelism= brining good news to others)  Dys is most of the time the antonym of the eu, ev prefix (most of the time it is related to the improper functioning of body organs)

21.  Euonymus eu=good onym= name  Euphemism eu=goodphem=word Complete these with a partner:  Eugenic  Euphonious  Dysphonia  Eupnea  dyspnea

22.  Create two sets of antonym pairs using eu, ev/dys.  Be ready to share in a few minutes

23.  Greek- scientific, technical, or medical  Epidermis=layer of skin that sits “upon” the inner layer of skin  Epidemic= disease that falls “upon” a community of people  Epilogue= afterword “added to” a story  Ephemeral= fleeting “upon” a day (from Shakespeare) hemer base for day **this is a favorite word used on ACT**

24.  Epicenter cent= center  Epitaphtaph= grave, tomb  Epigramgram= write  Epidemiologistdem= the people

25.  Investigate a word using the prefix epi that you don’t already know. You will become an expert and think of a quick way to teach the class your word. You must make it memorable!! You may construct a diagram, create a skit, sing a song, etc.

26.  Ad to, toward, add to  Di, Dif, Disapart, in different directions, not  A, Annot, without  Eu, Evgood, well  Dys= bad, improper  Epiupon, to, in addition to

27.  Find a word using each prefix and create a sentence using all 6 words.

28.  Prefixes that attach to one or both of these bases Abs – away, from Ad – to, toward Con – with, together, very De – down Dis – apart, in different directions Ex – out In – not/ into, on Ob – up, against Pro – forward Re – back Sub –below, under Retract Contraction Extract Protracted Attractive Distraction Divide and Conquer

29.  1: After subtracting its cost from her limited budget, she had to retract her offer to buy the trailer.  How do subtracting, retract, and trailer mean “pull, draw, drag”? Extend this sentence out with a table partner using as many trac, tract, and treat words as possible. ADD ON

30.  2: The univited intruder tripped over a protruding chair that stopped her from further intrusion.  How do intruder, protruding, and intrusion mean “push, thrust’?  Intrusion  Extrude  Protrusive  Obtrusive

31.  Match the definition with the correct word. extract distract attractionintrude  To “draw” or “pull” out  To “draw” “in different directions”  To “push” into a private space  Feeling of being “drawn” “toward” someone.

32.  Draw 4 boxes on your paper. Chose 4 words from the list but do not write the word. Trade papers with a neighbor and try to guess which word they drew.  Contract  Distract  Retract  Extract  Attract  Subtract

33.  Past, pastor are not found with prefixes  Greg is always with a prefix except for the word gregarious (outgoing, social)  Pasture= grassy area where “shepherds” graze their sheep  A pastor is a religious leader who is the “shepherd” of a congregation  Congregate= to “flock” or come together  Segregate= to separate aside from the “herd”

34.  Aggregate (ad=?)  Desegregate (de=not)  Pastoral  Egregious (e=out or negative)

35. Congregate Two antonyms Three synonyms Definition Sentence

36.  Attach to 5 Latin prefixes:  Ab= away from(absolve)  Con= with, together, very(constrict)  Di, dis= apart(dissolve)  In= not(insolvent)  Re= back, again(resolve)

37.  Dissolve  Restrain  Constrictor  Resolution  Absolution  Insoluble

38.  Draw 4 boxes on your paper. Chose 4 words from the list but do not write the word. Trade papers with a neighbor and try to guess which word they drew.  Strict  Absolute  Dissolute  Solvent  Insoluble  Resolution  Stringent  Constraints

39.  Attaches to 3 Latin prefixes (ad, de, in)  Aver= “to” declare a statement true  Default= fail to pay a debt  Infallible= not prone to mistakes  Ver is associated with positive qualities of truth  Very= truly (When I am very hungry, I am truly hungry)  Fallacy= mistaken idea  Falsetto= falsely high pitched voice

40.  Veracious  Veritable  Falsify  Verdict  Verify  Fallacious

41.  Think of as many words as you can using the base ver  The longest word wins.

42.  The word cereal comes from the Roman goddess Ceres “Mother of the Earth”  Month of March comes from Mars, the Roman god of war  Helium comes from Helios, Greek god of the sun  Jovial (jolly) comes from Jupiter, “King” of the Roman gods  Hypnotize and hypnosis come from Hypnos, the Greek god of sleep

43.  Create this chart and divide and conquer the following words:  Use your god chart as a reference WordGod/GoddessThe Word Means volcano mercurial lunatic solarium junoesque

44.  Trac, tract, treat= pull, draw  Trud, trus= push, thrust  Past, pastor= “shepherd  Greg= “flock” “herd”  Solv, solut= free, loosen  String, strict, strain= tie, bind, squeeze  Ver= true  Fall, fail, fault= false, mistake, fail

45.  Create a paragraph using all roots learned in unit 2 (you only have to use one of the paired roots)

46.  They are found only at the beginning of words  They are followed by a 2 nd base  The 2 nd base of pan words are always Greek and 2 nd base of omni are always Latin  Pandemic (dem=the people)  Panorama (orama= view)  Omnivorous (vor=eat)

47.  Pantomine (mime=imitate)  Omnibus (bus=for)  Omniscient (sci=know)  Pandemonium (demon=devil)  Omnipotent (pot=power)  Find either a pan or omni word and create a definition using the root meaning