1. 1 National Hydrogen Association March 2007 Conference Hydrogen Transportation Systems in New York State

2. 2 The Problem Global Warming Energy Security –US consumes 26% of the world’s petroleum Export of Dollars –$268 billion are exported each year US EIA Forecast for 2025 –37% increase in petroleum imports –55% increase in LNG

3. 3 The FreedomCAR Program In 2003 - $1.2 billion committed for fuel cell vehicles and infrastructure –Decide by 2015 if commercial Hydrogen - fueled internal combustion engine vehicles not considered Quantum in 2003/4 converted 30 Prius hybrid vehicles to hydrogen

4. 4 New York State’s First Effort Proposed to New York State Power Authority –Convert internal combustion engine vehicles to hydrogen –Fuel at a dedicated fueling station associated with a motor pool –Locate in Buffalo near Niagara Falls Hydroelectricity is a renewable resource

5. 5 NYSERDA’s First Hydrogen Solicitation New technologies are funded through NYSERDA Funds were provided for a project at the SUNY Campus at Buffalo –Two Quantum modified Prius vehicles, a fueling station and commercial source of hydrogen

6. 6 The SUNY Buffalo Project

7. 7 New York’s Hydrogen Road Map Most stakeholders focused on 2015/2020 AWP&H’s near term solution –Buffalo - the “Electric City” in 1900s because of Niagara Falls –Buffalo - could be the “Hydrogen City” in 21 st Century –Niagara Falls’ hydropower is a renewable resource

8. 8 Niagara Falls Power Co. 1895

9. 9 NYPA’S Buffalo/Niagara Falls Project Niagara Fall’s Hydropower to Hydrogen Initiative –One electrolysis facility at Buffalo’s transit operator’s maintenance depot –A second electrolysis facility at a Niagara Falls State Park site A $21 million project including buses and pickup trucks

10. 10 Hydrogen Production Costs

11. 11 NYSERDA’s Third Hydrogen Solicitation Governor Pataki provided $5 million –Hydrogen-fueled internal combustion engine vehicles and fueling stations Proposals submitted by: –Albany and Buffalo transit operators –Albany and Stewart Airports –Others Awards not yet announced

12. 12 New York’s Project Backlog GE Global Research Hybrid Drive Train Development funded by FTA –Battery dominant, light weight transit bus CDTA $5.25 million appropriation request –Two transit buses and infrastructure –Support for GE testing program Shell’s White Plains Fueling Station

13. 13 Battery Dominant HICE or Fuel Cell Hybrid Bus Light Weight Body GM Vortec Engine Advanced Battery Technology Engine Operation – 20 min per hour Mileage–10-12 m/kg Hydrogen storage – 30 kgs Artists Version Under development

14. 14 Hydrogen-Modified Toyota Prius Turbocharged & Intercooled, 4 cyl. Horsepower – 75 Fuel Consumption – 50 miles per kg (city) Range 105 miles Hydrogen Storage – 2.4 kg

15. 15 Hydrogen-Modified Chevrolet Silverado Supercharged and Intercooled 6.0 L Vortec V-8 Horsepower – 195 Range 155 city, 186 highway Fuel consumption 16 m/kg (city) 19 mi/kg (hwy) Hydrogen Storage 10.5 kg

16. 16 Hydrogen-Modified Ford Escape Hybrid SUV Under development Range 100 miles