1. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Chapter 01: Information Technology, the Internet, and You

2. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-2 Competencies (Page 1 of 2) Explain the five parts of an information system: people, procedures, software, hardware, and data.Explain the five parts of an information system: people, procedures, software, hardware, and data. Distinguish between system software and application software.Distinguish between system software and application software. Discuss the three kinds of system software programs.Discuss the three kinds of system software programs. Distinguish between basic and specialized application software.Distinguish between basic and specialized application software. Identify the four types of computers and the four type of microcomputers.Identify the four types of computers and the four type of microcomputers.

3. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-3 Competencies (Page 2 of 2) Describe the different types of computer hardware including the system unit, input/output, secondary storage, and communication devices.Describe the different types of computer hardware including the system unit, input/output, secondary storage, and communication devices. Define data and describe document, worksheet, database, and presentation files.Define data and describe document, worksheet, database, and presentation files. Explain computer connectivity, the wireless revolution, the Internet, smartphone, and cloud computing.Explain computer connectivity, the wireless revolution, the Internet, smartphone, and cloud computing.

4. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-4 Introduction Computer competency refers to acquiring computer- related skillsComputer competency refers to acquiring computer- related skills Microcomputers are common tools in all areas of lifeMicrocomputers are common tools in all areas of life Web-based courses provide alternatives for people who are homebound or work odd hoursWeb-based courses provide alternatives for people who are homebound or work odd hours The Web provides new ways to communicate, to find people with similar interests, and to purchase goodsThe Web provides new ways to communicate, to find people with similar interests, and to purchase goods

5. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-5 Five Parts of an Information System 1.People 2.Procedures 3.Software 4.Hardware 5.Data

6. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-6 People Most important part of any systemMost important part of any system Contact is …Contact is … –Direct –Indirect Computer usesComputer uses –Business & Entertainment –Education & Medicine

7. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-7 Software Software is another name for programsSoftware is another name for programs Two major kinds of softwareTwo major kinds of software –System Software System SoftwareSystem Software –Application Software Application SoftwareApplication Software

8. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-8 System Software A collection of programs – not a single programA collection of programs – not a single program –Includes Operating System software, Utilities, and Device Drivers Enables the application software to interact with the hardware, and helps the computer manage its resourcesEnables the application software to interact with the hardware, and helps the computer manage its resources Two best-known operating systems for microcomputers are Windows 7 and Mac OS XTwo best-known operating systems for microcomputers are Windows 7 and Mac OS X Return

9. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-9 Application Software End-user softwareEnd-user software Two major categoriesTwo major categories –Basic applications –Specialized applications Return

10. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-10 Hardware - Types of Computers SupercomputersSupercomputers Mainframe computersMainframe computers Minicomputers (or mid-range computers)Minicomputers (or mid-range computers) MicrocomputersMicrocomputersMicrocomputers

11. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-11 Supercomputers– the most powerful; special high-capacity computers used in very large corporationsSupercomputers– the most powerful; special high-capacity computers used in very large corporations Mainframe computers– are capable of great processing speed and data storage; occupy specially wired, air-conditioned rooms; insurance companies use to process information about millions of policyholdersMainframe computers– are capable of great processing speed and data storage; occupy specially wired, air-conditioned rooms; insurance companies use to process information about millions of policyholders Minicomputers - known as midrange computers are refrigerator sized machines used in medium sized companies or departments in large companiesMinicomputers - known as midrange computers are refrigerator sized machines used in medium sized companies or departments in large companies Types of Computers

12. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-12 Microcomputers (key term) – least powerful but most widely used and fastest-growing type of computersMicrocomputers (key term) – least powerful but most widely used and fastest-growing type of computers Desktop (key term)Desktop (key term) Laptop or notebook (key term)Laptop or notebook (key term) Tablet PC (key term)Tablet PC (key term) Handheld computers (Key Term)Handheld computers (Key Term) Palm computers (Key Term)Palm computers (Key Term) Personal digital assistants (PDA) (Key Term)Personal digital assistants (PDA) (Key Term)

13. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-13 Microcomputer Types DesktopDesktopDesktop Media center system unitsMedia center system unitsMedia center system unitsMedia center system units Notebook or laptopNotebook or laptopNotebook or laptopNotebook or laptop NetbooksNetbooksNetbooks Tablet PCTablet PCTablet PCTablet PC HandheldHandheldHandheld

14. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-14 Desktop Computers Desktop computers are small enough to fit on top of or alongside a desk, yet are too big to carry aroundDesktop computers are small enough to fit on top of or alongside a desk, yet are too big to carry around Return

15. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-15 Media Center System Units Media center system units blur the line between desktop computers and dedicated entertainment devicesMedia center system units blur the line between desktop computers and dedicated entertainment devices Return

16. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-16 Notebook or Laptop Computers Return Notebook computers, also known as laptop computers, are portable, lightweight, and fit into most briefcasesNotebook computers, also known as laptop computers, are portable, lightweight, and fit into most briefcases

17. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-17 Netbooks Similar to notebook computers, but …Similar to notebook computers, but … –Smaller –Lighter –Less expensive Return

18. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-18 Tablet PC In addition to a keyboard, a tablet PC allows you to enter data, write notes, and select commands using a pen stylusIn addition to a keyboard, a tablet PC allows you to enter data, write notes, and select commands using a pen stylus Handwritten data is digitized and converted to standard text that can be further processed by a word processorHandwritten data is digitized and converted to standard text that can be further processed by a word processor Return

19. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-19 Handheld Handheld or palm computers, such as Personal digital assistants (PDAs) and smartphones, are amongst the smallest computing devicesHandheld or palm computers, such as Personal digital assistants (PDAs) and smartphones, are amongst the smallest computing devices These systems typically combine pen input, writing recognition, personal organizational tools, and communications capabilitiesThese systems typically combine pen input, writing recognition, personal organizational tools, and communications capabilities Smartphones are cell phones with wireless connections to the InternetSmartphones are cell phones with wireless connections to the Internet Return

20. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-20 Microcomputer Hardware Four basic categories of equipment:Four basic categories of equipment: –System Unit System UnitSystem Unit –Input/Output Input/Output –Secondary Storage Secondary StorageSecondary Storage –Communications Communications

21. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-21 System Unit Two important componentsTwo important components –Microprocessor –Memory Return

22. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-22 Input/Output Devices Common input devices are the keyboard and the mouseCommon input devices are the keyboard and the mouse Common output devices are printers and monitorsCommon output devices are printers and monitors Return

23. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-23 Secondary Storage Unlike memory, secondary storage holds data and programs even if electrical power is not availableUnlike memory, secondary storage holds data and programs even if electrical power is not available The most important types of secondary media are hard disks, solid-state storage, and optical disksThe most important types of secondary media are hard disks, solid-state storage, and optical disks Return

24. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-24 Communications Communication devices, such as modems, provide microcomputers with the ability to communicate with other computer systems across the globeCommunication devices, such as modems, provide microcomputers with the ability to communicate with other computer systems across the globe Modems modify telephone communications into a form that can be processed by a computerModems modify telephone communications into a form that can be processed by a computer Modems also modify computer output into a form that can be transmitted across standard telephone linesModems also modify computer output into a form that can be transmitted across standard telephone lines Return

25. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-25 Data Raw, unprocessed factsRaw, unprocessed facts Processed data becomes informationProcessed data becomes information Digital data is stored electronically in filesDigital data is stored electronically in files –Document files Document filesDocument files –Worksheet files Worksheet filesWorksheet files –Database files Database filesDatabase files –Presentation files Presentation filesPresentation files

26. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-26 Document Files Created by word processors to save documents such as memos, term papers, and lettersCreated by word processors to save documents such as memos, term papers, and letters Return

27. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-27 Worksheet Files Created by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things like budgets and to predict salesCreated by electronic spreadsheets to analyze things like budgets and to predict sales Return

28. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-28 Database Files Typically created by database management programs to contain highly structured and organized dataTypically created by database management programs to contain highly structured and organized data Return

29. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-29 Presentation Files Created by presentation graphics programs to save presentation materials. For example, a file might contain audience handouts, speaker notes, and electronic slides.Created by presentation graphics programs to save presentation materials. For example, a file might contain audience handouts, speaker notes, and electronic slides. Return

30. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-30 Connectivity, the Wireless Revolution, the Internet, and Cloud Computing ConnectivityConnectivity –Sharing of information –Wireless communication has widespread use Computer networksComputer networks –Connected communication system of computers –Largest network is the Internet Cloud ComputingCloud Computing –Uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer activities from a user’s computer to computers on the Internet

31. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-31 Careers in IT For a complete listing of careers, visit http://www.computing2012.com/ keyword: careersFor a complete listing of careers, visit http://www.computing2012.com/ keyword: careers http://www.computing2012.com/

32. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-32 A Look to the Future The Internet and the WebThe Internet and the Web Powerful SoftwarePowerful Software Powerful HardwarePowerful Hardware Security and PrivacySecurity and Privacy OrganizationsOrganizations Changing TimesChanging Times

33. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-33 Open-Ended Questions (Page 1 of 2) Explain the five parts of an information system. What part do people play in this system?Explain the five parts of an information system. What part do people play in this system? What is system software? What kinds of programs are included in system software?What is system software? What kinds of programs are included in system software? Define and compare basic and specialized application software.Define and compare basic and specialized application software. –Describe some different types of basic applications. –Describe some types of specialized applications.

34. © 2012 The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Computing Essentials 2012: Making IT Work for You 1-34 Open-Ended Questions (Page 2 of 2) Describe the different types of computers.Describe the different types of computers. –What is the most common type? –What are the types of microcomputers? What is connectivity? What are wireless devices and the wireless revolution? What is a computer network? What are the Internet and the Web? What is cloud computing?What is connectivity? What are wireless devices and the wireless revolution? What is a computer network? What are the Internet and the Web? What is cloud computing?