1. 16 February 2016 Question of the day: What is your favorite dessert? Warm Up: Why is your dessert superior to other desserts? *Consider both argument AND counter-arguments*

2. 16 February 2016 Goal: SWBAT identify arguments to support a thesis. Agenda: (A): Collect Graded Discussion Notes (H): Discuss Mumford & Sons Song: “Cave” For Both A+H: Discuss basic argumentative structure Discuss assignment requirements Review; sources Homework: Academic: Choose Sources and take notes with citations Honors: Graded Disc. Q’s, Source Notes + Citation

3. Why do we argue? What is argument writing? We argue with the goal of persuading others that an action or idea is right or wrong. We aim to influence the views or beliefs of our audience. Argument Writing Argument writing is writing that defends a certain point of view. We articulate an opinion order to defend our ideas.

4. Socrates’ Philosophy Start the Writing Process 1. Can knowledge truly be measured? 2. Is school necessary for learning? 3. Should authority be questioned? 4. Is language a powerful tool to enact change? 5. Is the unexamined life worth living? 1. Choose 1 of Socrates’ Philosophies to explore. 2. Answer the question posed. 3. Find sources to: 1. support your argument 2. address counter arguments 3. propose alternatives Argument Writing

5. Sources Primary Source: “Apology.” Bedford Anthology of World Literature. Trans. Jowett, Benjamin. Vol.1. Boston:Bedford/St. Martin’s.2003. Print. Secondary Source(s): SS #1: Article that supports your view of Socrates’ philosophy. SS #2:Playa’s Choice! Another article, a song, a poem, a film/movie, a tv show, a TedTalk.

6. Plato. “The Allegory of the Cave”. Republic. Trans. Sheehan, Thomas. Vol. 7. Stanford University. Print.

7. Source Search *Find sources that address the “If not, then…” question AND the counter arguments!* 1. Measure Knowledge?: IQ test, SATs, Theory of Multiple Intelligences, Street Smart v. Book Smart 2. School Necessary?: Income gap, Nontraditional students, Importance of experience 3. Question Authority?: Rosa Parks, Gandhi, Malala, Nelson Mandela, Hector Pieterson, the Mirabel sisters 4. Language as a Tool?: Anne Frank, “I Have a Dream Speech”, “Give Me Liberty”, “The Hypocrisy of American Slavery”, “Gettysburg Address”, “Ain’t I a Woman”, “The American Promise” 5. Unexamined Life?: Penicillin, a round Earth, Charles Darwin, DNA, Space, Jacques Cousteau, Isaac Newton

8. 17 February 2016 Question of the day: 3 or 4?! Warm Up: What is the purpose of an Argumentative Essay?

9. 17 February 2016 Goal: SWBAT organize arguments logically to prove a point. Agenda: Work on Introduction Work on Thesis Discuss Rubric Homework: Fill in graphic organizer with Apology quote and support, draft thesis statement

10. Argument Writing Basics 1. Introduction/Lead/Hook: captures attention 2. Thesis: states assertion (belief) about the topic 3. Supporting Arguments (logos, pathos, ethos): convinces that the thesis is correct 4. Counter Arguments: responds to concerns and objections 5. Conclusion: restates thesis

11. Introductions Begin BROAD; do NOT reference the text; reference the IDEA, you may choose to name your audience directly. Finish SPECIFIC; this is your thesis. NARROW to your thesis. Keep the focus on your IDEA. Gradually begin talking about the actions you will discuss in your paper.

12. Thesis Statements Necessary Components: Reference to your research Arguable point Preview Example: Analyzing the philosophy of Socrates and the actions of Malala Yousafzai indicates that people must question authority in order to create change and progress in their societies.

13. Evaluate these Theses 1. People must stop wasting food now! 2. The problem of food waste can easily be solved by implementing three simple steps: reduce, reuse, recycle. 3. If people aren’t reducing, reusing, and recycling, they are irresponsible global citizens. 4. Wasting food is a huge problem, and people need to reduce our food waste. Make a shopping list before you go to the store, and only buy things a person truly needs. You shouldn’t buy a gallon of milk if you are only going to drink a quart of it during the week. Who cares if the gallon size is on sale?

14. Hook ‘Em!: The Lead/Hook Anecdote (narrative vignette) Ben walked proudly through the hallways of AMS, his new blue mohawk glistening magnificently in the florescent lighting of the hallway, but then he saw Mr. Caruthers. He felt the wax in his hair start to melt. QuestionDo schools have the right to tell kids how to dress? HyperboleFor the past 300 years in this country, schools have been crushing the artistic freedom of students with oppressive dress codes! SettingAt Centerville Middle School, a controversy is brewing. Walk down the hallways, and amidst a tranquil sea of khaki pants and navy blue polo shirts, the blades of a fuchsia mohawk cut through the peaceful learning environment. Alliterative Phrase Timeless. Tasteful. Tried and true. The traditional school uniform is the foundation of a true learning environment. Quotation“Give me liberty or give me death.”

15. 18 February 2016 Question of the day: 3 or 4?!

16. 18 February 2016 Goal: SWBAT organize arguments logically to prove a point. Agenda: Discuss with other “prompt” members Instruct on body paragraphs/conclusion Practice arguing Review for graded discussion Homework: GRADED DISCUSSION (2/19); Complete support/evidence for all sources in graphic organizer and integrate quotes (2/22)

17. Body Paragraphs: BASIC GOALS: Transition from your thesis State the main idea you will address in this paragraph Include a quotation that helps you prove your thesis; explain your quotation Connect your paragraph back to your thesis

18. Quick Formula for Body Paragraphs Topic Sentence (main idea and connects to thesis) Minimum 3-4 sentences of commentary (context/background/lead-in) Signal phrase + quote + mla citation Minimum 3-4 sentences of commentary (analysis/tying together ideas) Concluding Sentence (reiterate point and connect to thesis) -> DO NOT mention the next topic here.

19. Thesis + Transitions = Organization Thesis: Analyzing the philosophy of Socrates and the actions of Malala Yousafzai indicates that people must question authority in order to create change and progress in their societies. Opening Transition Goal: To inform the reader what you’ll be writing about in the paragraph AND connect to the thesis.  Example: One individual whose willingness to question authorities brought about change in his culture was Socrates. Closing Transition Goal: To inform the reader what point you made AND connect to the thesis.  Example: Socrates’ willingness to question the Athenian allowed for necessary change.

20. Supporting Arguments Logos-an appeal to logic Can contain expert testimony Often contain statistical information Suggest that the product is the “logical” or “right” choice

21. Supporting Arguments Pathos-an appeal to the emotions http://46664.net/56/aspca-the-american-society-for-the-prevention-of-cruelty-to-animals/

22. Supporting Arguments Ethos-an appeal to do the “right” thing; also establishes the credibility of the persuader and appeals to the sense of morality of audience http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncle_Samhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uncle_Sam http://marvel.com/images/gallery/story/15172/images_from_own_a_piece_of_the_captain_america_movie/image/857368

23. Argue. 1. Athletes should be exempt from gym classes. 2. Students in grades 9-12 who have an A average should be exempt from final exams. 3. Cell phone usage should be strictly forbidden in school. 4. The driving age should be increased to 18. 5. Public schools should operate year-round. 6. High school students should be required to pass 4 years of a language.

24. Counter Arguments Address Reader Objections Oil companies should not be allowed to drill for oil in Alaska. Schools should regulate the food available to students. http://factbank.blogspot.com/2012/05/alaska-facts.htmlhttp://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/GettingHealthy/Overweight-in-Children_UCM_304054_Article.jsp

25. Conclusions #Goals: 1. Wrap up the argument 2. Restate the claim (thesis) 3. Provide a new appeal to needs or values 4. Add additional commentary 5. Ask for readers to take action or change thinking Avoid repeating information already covered!

26. Organizing the Essay Topic Sentence: statement of a reason to support your claim. Evidence: examples to support the claim (facts, details, stories, etc) Commentary: explanation of the significance of the evidence or the connection to the claim (reasoning) Counter-argument: an argument acknowledging and defending against the opposing viewpoint Conclusion: wrapping up the argument and restatement of the claim