1. Beriberi Cause:Lack of thiamine (Vitamin B1) Signs/Symptoms:difficulty walking, loss of sensation in hands and feet, mental confusion, vomiting, increased heart rate, shortness of breath with activity, swelling of lower legs. Treatment:Replace unavailable thiamine with thiamine supplements.

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3. Obesity ●Cause: inactivity, poor diet/eating habits, lack of sleep, certain medications ●Signs and Symptoms: A body mass index (BMI) above 30, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, breathing problems, and joint pain (in the knees or lower back) are common. ●Treatment: make a permanent change in eating habits and lifestyle. Exercise must be made part of daily life as well as consuming the proper nutrients.

4. Cretinism

5. Cause Cretinism is a condition of severely stunted physical and mental growth due to untreated congenital deficiency of thyroid hormones(congenital hypothyroidism) Around the world, the most common cause of congenital hypothyroidism is iodine deficiency. Cretinism is therefore most probably due to a diet deficient in iodine.

6. Signs + Symptoms Poor growth is apparent as early as the first year of life. Adult stature without treatment ranges from 1 to 1.6 metres (3'4 to 5'3), depending on severity, sex and other genetic factors. In adults, Cretinism results in mental deterioration, swelling of the skin, loss of water and hair. Bone maturation and puberty are severely delayed. Ovulation is impeded and infertility is common. Neurological impairment may be mild, with reduced muscle tone and coordination, or so severe that the person cannot stand or walk. Cognitive impairment may also range from mild to so severe that the person is nonverbal and dependent on others for basic care. Thought and reflexes are slower. Other signs may include thickened skin, enlarged tongue, or a protruding abdomen.

7. Treatment Iodine

9. Anemia

11. Cause An iron deficiency If you don’t have enough hemoglobin carrying red blood cells, your heart has to work harder to move oxygen-rich blood through your body

12. Signs and Symptoms -Shortness of breath -dizziness -headache -coldness in hands and feet -pale skin -chest pain -weakness and fatigue

13. Treatment -Blood tests -Dietary change and take vitamin/ iron supplements -Take vitamin C- helps absorb iron in your body -Extreme Situations- Blood transfusions, blood and marrow stem cell transplant

14. Rickets ●Rickets is a disorder caused by a deficiency of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate. Rickets leads to softening and weakening of the bones and is seen most commonly in children 6-24 months of age. ●Rickets can be treated by replacing the missing vitamin or mineral in your body.... If you are deficient in vitamin D, your doctor will likely tell you to (safely) get more sun and eat foods high in vitamin D, such as: fish,liver, milk,and eggs

15. Marasmus Caused by severe deficiency of nearly all nutrients, especially protein, carbs, and fats. Signs and Symptoms ●Muscle and tissue wasting ●Dry Skin ●The afflicted are often irritable, fretful and hungry. Treatment The afflicted need to be fed and hydrated through a special plan. Medical observation is needed to prevent the and manage the complications of malnutrition.

16. Marasmus

17. What is it? Severe undernourishment causing an infant's or child's weight to be significantly low for their age (e.g., below 60 percent of normal).

18. Symptoms and signs Marasmus symptoms will vary depending on the severity and whether associated infections or other conditions are present. General symptoms of marasmus include chronic diarrhea, dizziness, fatigue, and rapid weight loss. Extensive tissue and muscle wasting.Other common characteristics include dry skin, loose skin folds hanging over the buttocks and armpit, etc. There is also drastic loss of body fat from normal areas of fat deposits like buttocks and thighs. The afflicted are often fretful, irritable, and voraciously hungry.

19. Causes Marasmus is a form of malnutrition in which inadequate amounts of both protein and calories are consumed. Marasmus occurs most often in developing nations or in countries where poverty, along with inadequate food supplies and contaminated water are.

20. Treatment A nutritious, well-balanced diet with lots of fresh fruits and vegetables, grains, and protein will reduce the risk of malnutrition and any related marasmus. Treatment of marasmus involves a special feeding and rehydration plan and close medical observation to prevent and manage complications of malnutrition.

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22. Pellagra ●Caused by a chronic lack of niacin (vitamin B 3 ) in the diet. ●Signs: thick, scaly pigmented rash on skin exposed to sunlight, swollen mouth and bright red tongue, vomiting and diarrhea, disorientation, hair loss, swelling, lack of coordination ●Symptoms: fatigue, depression, anxiety, aggression, insomnia, weakness, mental confusion, nerve damage, enlarged and weakened heart, eventual dementia ●Treatment: nutritional supplementation to resolve deficiencies in niacin

23. Arrrr Scurvy Ros Lu and Connah Weeyygmun

24. Cause Insufficient amount of vitamin c

25. Symptoms ●Appetite loss ●poor weight gain ●diarrhea ●rapid breathing ●fever and irritability ●tenderness ●bleeding

26. Treatment give vitamin c either orally or inject that stuff

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29. Diabetes (Type 2)

30. Causes: ●obesity ●lack of physical activity ●the pancreas’ inability to produce enough insulin or recognize and access the insulin

31. Signs & Symptoms ●increased thirst ●increased hunger ●frequent urination ●weight loss ●fatigue ● patches of darkened skin ● frequent infections ● slow-healing sores ●blurred vision

32. Treatment Management/Monitoring ● healthy eating ● physical exercise ● recording your blood sugar levels Medications such as: Metformin, Sulfonylureas, Meglitinides, DPP-4 inhibitors, GLP-1 receptor agonists, SGLT2 inhibitors Insulin Therapy

34. Defective blood clotting (Vitamin K) Saajan Pabari

35. ●decreased storage of the vitamin due to liver disease ●decrease of vitamin K Cause

36. ●some signs are gum bleeding, easy bruising, and nose bleeding ●some symptoms are clogging of the blood and, potentially, bleeding Signs+Symptoms

37. ●common veggies such as asparugus, green peas and beans, and also oats and whole weat Treatment

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39. Kwashiorkor

40. Causes ●famine ●underdeveloped countries ●limited food supply

41. Signs & Symptoms Signs: ●changes in skin pigment ●decreased muscle mass ●hair changes ●rash/infections ●swelling Symptoms: ●fatigue ●diarrhea ●shock

42. Treatments ●Increase protein ●introduce food slowly ●carbs ●vitamins ●simple sugars ●need to be given enzyme lactase to replace milk products ●restore blood volume ●maintain blood pressure

44. xerophthalmia

45. Cause The most common cause of Xerophthalmia is vitamin A or lupus and rheumatoid arthritis. It is also caused by usage medications such as nasal decongestants, tranquilizers, antihistamines, and drugs. Chemical burns may also cause the disease. Eventually leads to blindness and corneal uncleartion.

46. Signs and Symptoms Symptoms- mild irritation, hot discomfort, Bitot’s spot, corneal xerosis, and desire to blink continuously. Night blindness, conjunctival xerosis. Signs- Bitot’s spot : foamy spots on the eye.

47. Treatment Antibiotic ointment prescribed by a doctor are available to control the secondary condition which consist of vitamin A.

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49. Goiter ●Cause- 90% cases of goitre are caused by iodine deficiencyi ●signs & symptoms- hyperthyroidism (overactive thyroid) may include nervousness, tremor, increased blood pressure and heat intolerance. Hypothyroid (iodine deficiency) have weight gain despite poor appetite, cold intolerance, constipation and lethargy. ●Treatment- overactive thyroid will be removed with surgery followed by radiation treatment. iodine deficiency is treated with special doses of iodine ●In some such areas, this is now combated by the addition of small amounts of iodine to table salt