1. Date of download: 5/27/2016 Copyright © The American College of Cardiology. All rights reserved. From: A Randomized Trial to Assess Catheter Ablation Versus Rate Control in the Management of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(18):1894-1903. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.069 Consort Diagram for ARC-HF *No 6- or 12-month data for 1 patient who died before final review. AF = atrial fibrillation; ARC-HF = A Randomised Trial to Assess Catheter Ablation Versus Rate Control in the Management of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Chronic Heart Failure; GA = general anesthesia; ITT = inter-trial interval; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction. Figure Legend:

2. Date of download: 5/27/2016 Copyright © The American College of Cardiology. All rights reserved. From: A Randomized Trial to Assess Catheter Ablation Versus Rate Control in the Management of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(18):1894-1903. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.069 Primary Endpoint: Summary Data By intention-to-treat, change (Δ) in peak oxygen consumption (VO2) (mean ± 95% confidence interval) from baseline, comparing ablation (solid dot/line) versus rate control (open dot and dashed line) at 3- (p = 0.38) and 12-month (p = 0.018) follow-up. Statistical significance shown between groups at each time point: *if p < 0.05. Figure Legend:

3. Date of download: 5/27/2016 Copyright © The American College of Cardiology. All rights reserved. From: A Randomized Trial to Assess Catheter Ablation Versus Rate Control in the Management of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(18):1894-1903. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.069 Primary Endpoint: Individual Data Individual patient data for ablation (left) and rate-control (right) showing absolute values for peak oxygen consumption (VO2) at baseline and 3- and 12-month follow-up. Mean and SD for each time point are shown at the bottom. Figure Legend:

4. Date of download: 5/27/2016 Copyright © The American College of Cardiology. All rights reserved. From: A Randomized Trial to Assess Catheter Ablation Versus Rate Control in the Management of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(18):1894-1903. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.069 Secondary Endpoints By intention-to-treat, charts show change (Δ) from baseline, displayed as mean ± 95% confidence interval (left ventricular ejection fraction [LVEF]) or median with interquartile range (Minnesota Living with Heart Failure Questionnaire [LFHQ] score, 6-min walk distance [6MWd], B-type natriuretic peptide [BNP]). Statistical significance or nonsignificant trend shown between groups at each time point: *if p < 0.05, ^if p < 0.1. Ablation shown as solid dots and lines, rate control as open dots and dashed lines. Figure Legend:

5. Date of download: 5/27/2016 Copyright © The American College of Cardiology. All rights reserved. From: A Randomized Trial to Assess Catheter Ablation Versus Rate Control in the Management of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(18):1894-1903. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.069 Change in Atrial Size By intention-to-treat, charts show change (Δ) from baseline in left (LA) and right (RA) atrial size (planimetered area in apical 4- chamber view, average of 3 heart beats), displayed as mean ± 95% CI, for ablation (solid line and dots) versus rate control (dashed line, open dots). Statistical significance shown between groups at each time point. Figure Legend:

6. Date of download: 5/27/2016 Copyright © The American College of Cardiology. All rights reserved. From: A Randomized Trial to Assess Catheter Ablation Versus Rate Control in the Management of Persistent Atrial Fibrillation in Heart Failure J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013;61(18):1894-1903. doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.01.069 Single Procedure Atrial Arrhythmia-Free Survival at 1 Year Intention-to-treat Kaplan-Meier atrial arrhythmia-free survival estimation after a single ablation procedure. The blanking period was set at 2 months, after which occurrence of documented atrial tachyarrhythmia constituted procedural failure. Figure Legend: