1. Eating behaviour Lesson 5: Explanations for the success of dieting

2. Lesson objectives 1) To Be able to define what dieting is. 2) To develop an understanding of reasons why people may succeed in dieting. 3) To be able to evaluate research evidence on dieting.

3. Starter What is dieting? Individually write down your own definition of what you think dieting is. You have 2 minutes http://www.online-stopwatch.com/

4. Dieting? Usually involves trying to eat less than usual – placing a cognitive limit on food intake and attempting to eat up to a limit that is less than what a person would normally eat (Less than our daily recommended allowance). Up to 70% of women diet at some point in their lives.

5. What makes a person decide to go on a diet? Write down 3 reasons each onto your mind map Why do people diet?

6. Q: why is dieting so common? Dieting has been associated with attractiveness, success and control Natalie Cassidy diet secrets clip: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =rqogPc_WCJg

7. Restraint theory : Herman and Mack (1975) and Herman and Polivy (1984) Restraint theory was developed to investigate the causes and consequences of dieting (Sometimes called restrained eating). It suggests: Dieting can either be successful: due to under eating, resulting in weight loss. Or Unsuccessful: resulting on over eating and weight gain.

8. When is dieting successful? A number of studies have found restrained eating to be successful. E.g: Kirkley et al (1988) assessed the eating style of 50 women over 4 days by using dietary self monitoring forms. The study found that restrained eaters consumed fewer calories than unrestrained eaters Wadden (1993) investigated into the effectiveness of dietary interventions (E.G. Calorie controlled diets, cognitive behavioural therapy or healthy eating) and found that these interventions can result in substantial changes in eating behaviour and weight change in the first few months.

9. Factors that influence the success of dieting Activity: Treasure hunt. There are a number of factors influencing the success of dieting hidden around the room. You have 4 minutes to try and find them An individuals belief about the causes of obesity Motivation to loose weight Dissatisfaction with body shape Wanting to feel more attractive Wanting to boost self esteem and feel better about them selves To avoid obesity consequences such as depression

10. Research has found... A number of psychological variables influence the success of dieting: Rodin et al (1977) carried out a study to assess the baseline psychological predictors of successful weight loss. They found that individuals beliefs about the cause of obesity and motivation for weight loss played an important role. Williams et al (1996) also reported that motivational style was predictive of weight loss and weight motivation. Kiernan et al (1998) reported that individuals who were dissatisfied with their body shape at baseline were more successful at dieting. They suggested that motivation for weight loss and a high value placed on attractiveness may be important.

11. Activity: Have a look at the study conducted by Ogden (2000) in your book (Page 168). What did Ogden find? Extension activity: how might we evaluate this study? What might be its strengths? What might be its weaknesses?

12. Study: Ogden and Mills (2008) The study: Interviews P’s who had lost weight and maintained their weight loss. Findings: P’s reported that much of their weight loss had been triggered by a key life event, E.G: divorce, illness or a milestone (Like turning 40!). This initial behaviour was then translated into long term behaviour change if a number of sustaining conditions were met: A belief in a behavioural model of obesity A reduction of choice over what and when they eat A reduction in the benefits and function of eating A process of reinvention (No longer see themselves as an over weight person )

13. Study: Ogden and Mills (2008) continued.... The results suggested that it is not only what individuals do that is predictive of success, but also what they believe. For dieting to be successful, a person needs to: Hold a model of obesity that focuses on behaviour as central to their weight problem Avoid a state of denial whereby they want to eat but do not. Create a situation whereby food is no longer considered as rewarding. Establish a new identity as a thinner person

14. The chameleon effect http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=kE5NeWrxHr w http://www.youtube.co m/watch?v=kE5NeWrxHr w What do you think of this? Do you think that this is the case?

15. Plenary What have you learnt today? Write down two things that you have learnt from today’s lesson.

16. 5 diet success stories http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-ZV- v7SLLk http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l-ZV- v7SLLk Can you see any similarities to what research we have discussed this lesson found?