1. Jarrett Ch. 16 Imperialism: Europe Reaches Out

2. European Imperialism pg. 257

3. 1. What does imperialism refer to? The political and economic control of one area or country by another.

4. 2. When did European nations first develop overseas empires? In the 15 th century.

5. 3. In the 19 th century where did the great European powers acquire vast colonial empires? Africa, Asia and the Pacific.

6. The British “Raj” (Reign) In India pg. 258

7. 4. What did the British build in India in 1853? Railroads/railways

8. 5. What religion did the British bring to India? Christianity

9. 6. Why were the British able to control India? Because Indians were divided among themselves. The British had better weapons and used trained Indian soldiers

10. 7. Who were the “sepoys?” Trained Indian soldiers

11. 8. How did the British crush the Sepoy Mutiny? The British used “loyal” Indian soldiers.

12. 9. What change did Britain make to India after the mutiny? They took over formal control of Indian and abolished the East India Company.

13. 10. What did Queen Victoria become? Empress of India

14. 11. What impact did British rule have upon India? Government – a single system of law and government, provided jobs and increased educational opportunities Economic - build roads, bridges and railroads, Indian cottage industries hurt by British competition Health - build hospitals, introduced new medicines and provided famine relief Social – Indians treated as inferior to European culture, Indian workers provided inexpensive labor

15. Other British Colonies pg. 259

16. 12. What colony did Britain have on the tip of South Africa? Cape Colony

17. 13. Where else did Britain have colonies? Canada, Australia, New Zealand and Singapore

18. Other European Colonies pg. 259

19. 14. What colony did France have in North Africa? Algeria

20. 15. Where did France intervene in the 1860s? Indochina

21. 16. What colonial possessions remained Spain’s? Philippines, Cuba and Puerto Rico

22. The “New Imperialism” pg. 259

23. 17. When did the “New Imperialism” occur? 1880 to 1900

24. 18. What did the steamboat make possible in Africa? Made it possible to go upstream, reaching the interior of Africa and other places previously to difficult to reach

25. 19. What did the telegram make possible in Africa and Asia? Made it possible to communicate with new settlements deep in the interior regions of Africa and Asia

26. 20. What did railroads allow? Shipping of goods and raw materials to and from their colonies

27. 21. How did new medicines help? Made it possible to explore the tropics with less risk New medicines, like quinine to treat malaria and antiseptics Better understanding of disease

28. 22. What advantage did rifles give the European powers? Used to control local people

29. 23. Why did Britain seize control of Egypt? To protect the Suez Canal, which provided the shortest route from Britain to India

30. 24. What was the “White Man’s Burden” according to Rudyard Kipling and those like him? The duty of Europeans to spread their culture to areas of Africa and Asia

31. 25. What were the renewed reasons for imperialism? Technology – steamships, rifles, telegraphs, better medicines Economic motives - raw materials, new markets Political motives - demonstrate power, preserve the balance of power Social motives – Social Darwinism, the theory that some societies were more successful because their cultures were superior, spread Christianity