1. Pest Risk Analysis Training in LDCs Robert Ikin Biosecurity Consultant BrisbaneAustraliabobikin@bigpond.net.au

2. What is the best strategy for Pest Risk Analysis training? Limited technical expertise Limited technical expertise Limited information resources Limited information resources Operational capacity restricted Operational capacity restricted Few pest management optionsFew pest management options Legislation not receptive to outputs Legislation not receptive to outputs

3. Workshop content International context – WTO;SPS; IPPC, ISPMs and the CBD. International context – WTO;SPS; IPPC, ISPMs and the CBD. Regional context – regional trade agreements and RPPOs Regional context – regional trade agreements and RPPOs National context – legislation, NPPO structure and functions, inter-departmental liaison. National context – legislation, NPPO structure and functions, inter-departmental liaison. PRA process and linkage to ISPMs PRA process and linkage to ISPMs InitiationInitiation AssessmentAssessment ManagementManagement CommunicationCommunication PRA exercises – commodity/country combinations; LMOs; IAS/weed risk PRA exercises – commodity/country combinations; LMOs; IAS/weed risk PRA outputs PRA outputs Implementation capability – not just a pest listImplementation capability – not just a pest list Phytosanitary Capacity Evaluation exercise to identify areas requiring inputs.Phytosanitary Capacity Evaluation exercise to identify areas requiring inputs.

4. Who needs the training? Who needs the training? What type of training is required by each group (curriculum)? What type of training is required by each group (curriculum)? How is the training delivered to ensure impact? How is the training delivered to ensure impact? What are the sustainability problems that limit implementation of the knowledge delivered? What are the sustainability problems that limit implementation of the knowledge delivered?

5. Pest Risk Analysis awareness training components ParticipantsNeedsCurriculum elements Strategic Senior Managers and Administrators of Govnt authorities (Agric, Forests, Environment, Trade, Customs etc); legal officials International, regional and national context of PRA and trade implications. National legal framework and linkages. Operational strategies at points of entry. International, regional and national context. PRA process and outputs. Risk management and output implementation capability. PCE and future needs Tactical National Plant Protection Organisation PRA Team/panel and technical support from universities and research institutes Inputs into the PRA process, PRA decision making in technical disciplines and the linkages to information needs. ISPMs and their context. PRA process and PRA exercises, including management. PCE technical needs - networking Operational Point of entry officials from the NPPO and other government agencies (inspectors). Importers/exporters, growers, producers and the general public. The PRA process and trade, the outputs of the process and implementation of decisions at points of entry. PR management. Communication strategies. International trade context. PRA process and output implementation. Communication with stakeholders. National coordination of border control.

6. Workshop profiles (16-20) Small Island Developing States Small Island Developing States All levels of participationAll levels of participation Awareness raising of stakeholdersAwareness raising of stakeholders Larger States Larger States NPPO participation onlyNPPO participation only Restricted to PRA team Restricted to PRA team Little outreach to stakeholdersLittle outreach to stakeholders Public workshops on policy Public workshops on policy

7. Constraints Limited technical expertise Limited technical expertise Mentor at the right levelMentor at the right level Relevant exercises and examplesRelevant exercises and examples Participatory approachParticipatory approach Focus on national needs - PRA on a potential importFocus on national needs - PRA on a potential import Limited information resources Limited information resources CABI CPC as a primary resource Limitations Datasheets Major crops Plant parts Updating economics

8. Constraints Management options Management options Limited treatment optionsLimited treatment options Overseas treatmentOverseas treatment Systems approach complexitySystems approach complexity Cost of HTFA etcCost of HTFA etc Legislation Legislation Framework outdated PRA not mandated as a process Incorporation Pest lists Import conditions Implementation Manuals Biosecurity Information Facility

9. Conclusions PRA training has to be targeted PRA training has to be targeted Short term training limited impact?Short term training limited impact? Formal training courses?Formal training courses? Regional centres? Regional centres? PRA training has to be participative PRA training has to be participative Ownership by traineesOwnership by trainees Mentored confidence in making decisionsMentored confidence in making decisions What is an adequate PRA?What is an adequate PRA?

10. Conclusions Link PRA to the other ISPMs Link PRA to the other ISPMs Inputs – pest lists, pest status, surveysInputs – pest lists, pest status, surveys Outputs – inspection, systems approach etcOutputs – inspection, systems approach etc And to LMO and AIS risk analysis methodsAnd to LMO and AIS risk analysis methods LDCs need assistance through cooperation LDCs need assistance through cooperation Exchange of updated datasheetsExchange of updated datasheets Mechanism?? Mechanism?? Provision of expertiseProvision of expertise Regional networks? Regional networks?