1. In the Days of Old Hickory

2.  Andrew Jackson became a national hero ◦ Because of his victory at Battle of New Orleans  Before the war he had held political positions ◦ Congressman for Tennessee ◦ Senator for Tennessee ◦ Judge on the Tennessee Supreme Court ◦ He was a Republican  Remained a soldier after War of 1812 ◦ Stayed in New Orleans despite receiving orders otherwise  Just did what he wanted ◦ Recognized as America’s best general

3.  Native Americans and escaped slaves were raiding US settlements in Georgia ◦ These Native Americans and escaped slaves had built a fort in Florida as their base of operations  Jackson asked Spanish Governor of Florida to help  He did nothing  Jackson sent his own troops to destroy it  Attacks continued from the Seminoles ◦ Jackson led invasion of Florida to end attacks ◦ Spanish Governor protested ◦ Jackson captured city of Pensacola and the governor  Increased Jackson’s popularity ◦ Spanish were angered by this  US gov. didn’t punish Jackson, said he acted out of necessity  US defeated Seminoles in 1818 ◦ Bought Florida in 1819 ◦ Jackson became governor of Florida in 1821

4.  Northwest Ordinance (1787) ◦ Said that Northwest Territory would be free  No slaves allowed  Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, Michigan, Wisconsin, Minnesota  Territories south of Ohio River had slavery ◦ Kentucky, Tennessee, Alabama, Mississippi, Louisiana  US was expanding westward ◦ Question: Would these states be free or slave?

5.  Slavery looked to be on the way out before the American Revolution ◦ Not for moral reasons ◦ Wasn’t cost effective to keep slaves  Eli Whitney invented the cotton gin ◦ Made separating cotton seeds from cotton easier ◦ Maximized the work of people in the fields ◦ Made it more cost effective to keep slaves  Slavery profitable to southerners again

7.  Missouri applied for statehood ◦ Most of the people living there were southerners ◦ Wanted to become a slave state  Northerners in Missouri wanted it to be free ◦ Said that no new slaves could be allowed into Missouri ◦ Said that children of slaves should be freed at 25  Southerners wanted it to be a slave state ◦ Said that if no more slave states were allowed into the Union, than the north would have more power in USA

8.  Missouri admitted as a slave state  Maine admitted as a free state ◦ To balance free and slave states  Western territory split in half ◦ Area north of latitude 36 30 was to be free ◦ Area south of latitude 36 30 was to be slave

9.  Won elections of 1816 and 1820  America’s 5 th President

10.  Andrew Jackson ran against John Quincy Adams  John Quincy Adams ◦ Son of John Adams ◦ President Monroe’s Secretary of State  Jackson won popular vote  Neither had majority of electoral vote ◦ House of Representatives to decide ◦ They chose John Quincy Adams

11.  6 th President of US  Tried to treat Native Americans fairly  Wanted to increase the educational influence of Washington City

12.  John Quincy Adams against Andrew Jackson  Adams ◦ Supported by the wealthy  Jackson ◦ Supported by the commoners  They saw him as who they wanted to be ◦ Support out West  Andrew Jackson easily won ◦ 7 th President of US

13.  John C. Calhoun ◦ Vice President ◦ From South Carolina ◦ Believed Congress was passing unfair laws against the south  Tariff (tax on imports/exports)  Calhoun and South believed they could just ignore law  Northerners said that a state couldn’t pick and choose what laws to follow ◦ Thought this would destroy the Union  Jackson usually favored states’ rights ◦ But he said that South had to obey all national laws  Calhoun said that if Jackson tried to force them to follow the laws, South Carolina would secede (leave the Union) ◦ Jackson increased federal troops at their South Carolina forts ◦ Said he would send in the army after South Carolina if they didn’t obey  Congress backed Jackson ◦ Calhoun and South Carolina backed down

14.  Jackson hated the National Bank ◦ Which had been created by Washington and Hamilton ◦ Jackson said it favored the wealthy over the poor  Not very democratic  Rich politicians supported the bank  Jackson formed a new party for election of 1832 ◦ Democrats ◦ Against the National Bank  The Whigs were for it ◦ Won the election easily  Jackson removed all funding for the bank ◦ The bank was forced to close