1. Renaissance “Re-birth”1300-1600

2. Birth or Re-birth? Intention was a re-birth of Classical Greece and Rome Intention was a re-birth of Classical Greece and Rome –Culture –Education –Beautification Result was a time of great intellect, art, and new views of human-kind Result was a time of great intellect, art, and new views of human-kind

3. From Dark to Light Feudalism still exists in France and England Feudalism still exists in France and England The Hundred Years’ War is being fought The Hundred Years’ War is being fought Most of the European world is still in the Middle Ages Most of the European world is still in the Middle Ages But in one small region, there is… Brilliance!! But in one small region, there is… Brilliance!!

4. Italy is home to the Renaissance

5. Italian Cities Cities N. of Rome and S. of Alps were dominant in trade and had very large populations Cities N. of Rome and S. of Alps were dominant in trade and had very large populations Florence, Genoa, Venice Florence, Genoa, Venice Other, smaller towns still played a big role Other, smaller towns still played a big role

6. Psychology Hierarchy of Feudalism did not exist in Renaissance Italy Hierarchy of Feudalism did not exist in Renaissance Italy Merchant’s gained power by being successful Merchant’s gained power by being successful They were the wealthiest and most powerful supporting their city-states They were the wealthiest and most powerful supporting their city-states They valued the individual, based on achievement, not birth-right They valued the individual, based on achievement, not birth-right

7. Competition During Early Renaissance, Merchants competed to sponsor artists During Early Renaissance, Merchants competed to sponsor artists During High Renaissance, POPES spent tons of $ to glorify and bring power and prestige back to Rome During High Renaissance, POPES spent tons of $ to glorify and bring power and prestige back to Rome Artists competed for fame Artists competed for fame During the Middle Ages, all success was for the “glory” of God, not for individual attention During the Middle Ages, all success was for the “glory” of God, not for individual attention Renaissance brought about desire for personal fame: portraits and autobiographies Renaissance brought about desire for personal fame: portraits and autobiographies

8. Influence Arises from Disdain Renaissance artists and scholars hated the time period of the Middle Ages; calling it “The Dark Ages”. Renaissance artists and scholars hated the time period of the Middle Ages; calling it “The Dark Ages”. Gothic cathedrals were considered works of barbarians! Gothic cathedrals were considered works of barbarians! Result: HUMANISM! And luxurious living. Result: HUMANISM! And luxurious living.

9. Early Middle Ages The Medici Family ruled Florence The Medici Family ruled Florence Prior to invasions from foreign countries Prior to invasions from foreign countries Beautification of Florence!! Beautification of Florence!!

10. Giotto di Bondone Influenced the later artists greatly by inventing the fresco and the ability to paint life-like human figures that seemed to interact with each other. Influenced the later artists greatly by inventing the fresco and the ability to paint life-like human figures that seemed to interact with each other.

11. Giotto’s life-like Fresco’s Marriage of the Virgin Marriage of the Virgin The Birth of the Virgin The Birth of the Virgin

12. Dante Poems showed religious ideas of Middle Ages and worldly concerns of Renaissance Poems showed religious ideas of Middle Ages and worldly concerns of Renaissance Pointed our political issues of the renaissance Pointed our political issues of the renaissance Wrote in Vernacular: every day words Wrote in Vernacular: every day words Creator of modern Italian Creator of modern Italian

13. The Divine Comedy 3 parts 3 parts –The Inferno (Hell) –Purgatorio (Purgatory) –Paradiso (Paradise) All to find his great love, “Beatrice” All to find his great love, “Beatrice”

14. The Inferno

15. Purgatorio

16. Pardiso

17. Ghiberti Gates of Gates of Paradise Paradise Baptistry in Baptistry in Florence, Italy Florence, Italy

18. Donatello Influenced by Ghiberti, Influenced by Ghiberti, Renewed the Ancient Renewed the Ancient Greek sculpting style of Greek sculpting style of free-standing figures

19. Masaccio Introduced technique of “perspective” into art. Introduced technique of “perspective” into art. Perspective gives objects the appearance of distance. Perspective gives objects the appearance of distance.

20. Ideal Individuals of the Renaissance The “Renaissance Man” The “Renaissance Man” –Ideally strove to master all arts –Charming, polite, & witty –Educated in Greek & Latin –Dance, write poetry, sing, play music –Physically graceful: swordsman, rider, etc Women Women –As well as educated men, but not seek fame

21. High Renaissance During the High Renaissance, the Medici family lost power to invading foreign nations During the High Renaissance, the Medici family lost power to invading foreign nations The Pope’s wanted to beautify Rome and became patrons of the arts. The Pope’s wanted to beautify Rome and became patrons of the arts. The most notable pope to do this was Julius II. The most notable pope to do this was Julius II. It was Julius II who commissioned the following artists: It was Julius II who commissioned the following artists: –Leonardo –Michelangelo –Raphael

22. Leonardo Da Vinci 1452-1519 “The Renaissance Man” “The Renaissance Man” Scientist Scientist Anatomist Anatomist Sculpture Sculpture Painter Painter Architect Architect Writer Writer

23. Mona Lisa

24. The Last Supper

25. Human Anatomy Vitruvian ManArms Nickname: Canon of Proportions

26. Embryo in Uterus

27. Image of Himself

28. Fight Between a Dragon and Lion

29. Man Riding Horse

30. Camera

31. Scuba

32. Military Inventions

33. Giant Catapult

34. Parachute

35. Propeller

36. Flying Machine

37. Engine

38. Michelangelo Brilliant Painter, Sculptor, Architect Brilliant Painter, Sculptor, Architect 1475-1564 1475-1564

39. Pieta 1499

40. “The Creation of Adam” Sistine Chapel 1508 1508

41. The David 1501 1501 Florence Florence

42. St. Peter’s Dome 1506

43. Raphael 1483-1520 1506, Ufizzi, Florence 1506, Ufizzi, Florence Is best known for his Madonnas Is best known for his Madonnas School of Athens shows the desire to mimic the Ancients School of Athens shows the desire to mimic the Ancients

44. Alba Madonna 1508 1508 National Gallery of Art, Washington National Gallery of Art, Washington

45. Madonna of Foligno 1510 1510 Vatican Museum Vatican Museum

46. The Holy Family 1518 1518 Musee du Louvre, Paris Musee du Louvre, Paris

47. The Madonna of Goldfinch 1507 1507 Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence Galleria degli Uffizi, Florence

48. School of Athens 1508 1508 Apostolic Palace, Vatican Apostolic Palace, Vatican

49. The Age of Exploration The Explorers were inspired by the spirit of the Renaissance– confidence, ambition, curiosity, egotism (desire for glory) The Explorers were inspired by the spirit of the Renaissance– confidence, ambition, curiosity, egotism (desire for glory) and WEALTH! and WEALTH!

50. Cool Yo!! This exploration was as exciting and new as our space exploration This exploration was as exciting and new as our space exploration

51. Encouraging Factors Trade Trade –Spices –Monopoly (complete control) Christianity Christianity –Spread it FAR and WIDE Technology Technology –Caravel (new ship could travel distances due to new sail design) –Compass –Astrolabe (mark the stars)

52. Key Players Prince Henry the Navigator— Portuguese patron of the explorers Prince Henry the Navigator— Portuguese patron of the explorers Dias—Explorer sailed to tip of Africa Dias—Explorer sailed to tip of Africa Vasco da Gama– Explorer reached India by sailing around Cape of Good Hope Vasco da Gama– Explorer reached India by sailing around Cape of Good Hope Columbus– Explorer reached Americas by crossing Atlantic Columbus– Explorer reached Americas by crossing Atlantic Magellan– Explorer rounded the globe Magellan– Explorer rounded the globe

55. Results of Exploration Improved Science and Technology Improved Science and Technology Great Wealth for the European nations Great Wealth for the European nations Began European Imperialism for the next 500 years! Began European Imperialism for the next 500 years!