1. Family Life Cultural universal

2. Gender Roles  Male – normal behavior for men  Female – normal behavior for women  Sometimes 3 rd gender Ex: Hijras of India Ex: Transgender

3. Division of labor MenWomen

4. Family gatherings and Marriage Ceremonies

5. Child TrainingRites of Passage

6. Economics Cultural universal

7. Technology ToolsWeapons

8. Jobs  How people make a living

9. Division of Labor  Rich and powerful  Poor or less status

10. Trade and Money  Bartering or exchange system  Economically driven (symbolic currency)

11. Food, clothing, shelter, transportation Cultural universal

12. Food:  What they ate and how it was prepared

13. Clothing  Everyday and ceremonial wear

14. Dwellings: houses and shelter

15. Transportation

16. Communication

17. Language

18. Number System

20. Government

21. Rules and Laws that govern  Official rules  Social Norms

22. Who makes and enforces laws  Community  Chief  Dictator

23. How do the people resolve conflicts  Penal system (punishment)  Restitutive System

24. How is the government organized  Hunter-gatherer  Pastoral  Horticultural  Agricultural  Feudal  Industrial  Post-industrial

25. Arts and Recreation Cultural Universals

26. Literature, arts, music, dance  Dance – Dance  Music- Music

27. Arts and literature  Art  Literature

28. Leisure time

29. Games of children and adults

30. Belief Systems Cultural Universals

31. Religious beliefs and practices  Prayer Prayer

32. Rituals  Birth  Batism  Baby showers  Naming ceremonies  Death  Funerals  Mourning ceremonies  Wake  Disposal of dead

33. Creation stories  Monotheistic  Christian  Islamic  Jewish  Polytheistic  Native American Native American  Mayan Mayan  Hindu

34. Myths

35. Rights and wrongs

36. What did the people value

37. Education Cultural Universals

38. Knowledge needed for survival

39. Knowledge valued by group

40. How children learn their culture  Formal  School  Apprenticeship  Informal  TV  Magazines  Storytelling  Peers