2. . Many cattle drives from Texas to markets in Nebraska and Kansas took place between 1866 and 1900. The Chisholm Trail, which went through Oklahoma, become so crowded that cattle and men had great difficulty in finding water along the way. Daily travel distances were gauged by the location of Waterin’ Holes. A cattle drive typically covered about 10 to 15 miles a day with a drive to western Kansas taking between 25 and a 100 days. The cowboy often used his hat to dip into the water and he drank right along side his horse. For this activity estimate the capacity of the hat in liters, then measure what it will actually hold. Record all the information on the Recording Sheet.

4. Cowboy hats are one of the most recognizable pieces of apparel in the world. When you see someone wearing a cowboy hat the mind immediately turns to cattle and horses, open ranges, and the untamed West. The cowboy hat was invented by John Stetson in 1865 and it didn't take long for the cowboys on the open range to realize that the large brim protected them against the elements. You often see cowboys taking their hats off and giving it a wild throw…some in excitement, such as when they make a good ride in a rodeo, and some in disgust, when the cows break out of the corral or when the cowboy did not make the 8 seconds ride on the bull. For this activity toss the hat, estimate the distance in meters, then measure the accurate distance. Record all the information on the Recording Sheet.

6. The centerpiece of any cattle drive was the chuck wagon. In many ways the cook or "cookie" was the most important member of the drive, and he generally got paid better than the other men. The cook drove the chuck wagon ahead of the herd and was responsible for selecting campsites in the evenings and stopovers for the noonday meal. Besides the cook, there was the trail boss, an experienced cowboy who had been up the trail before, knew where the grass and water were and also knew the dangers along the trail. Typical meals consisted of bread, meat, beans with bacon and coffee. For this activity estimate the mass/weight of the BEANS in the can, then use the scales to find the accurate mass of the BEANS. Record all the information on the Recording Sheet.