1. “ The Minor Players” Chapter 7

2. The Minor Players Decline in use of illicit drugs over the past two decades for all grades Decline in perceived availability of most substances Marijuana use has remained steady in 2014 Misuse of prescription and over the counter drugs in general declining from 2013 from 7.1% to 6.1% Stimulant (like Adderall and Ritalin) use remains steady Perception of risk has decreased

3. The Minor Players

4. How long do drugs stay in the body? DrugsDuration Alcohol4-12 hrs Amphetamines2 days Barbiturates1 day (short-acting) 2-3 weeks (long-acting) Cocaine2-4 days Darvon6-48 hours Marijuana5 days (moderate smoker: 4 times/week Methaqualone2 weeks Opiates2-4 days Valium1-5 days

5. Marijuana Dried leaves, flowers, stems, and seeds from the Hemp plant, Cannabis sativa.

6. Delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol Most commonly used illicit drug in the United States Widespread among youth The number of young people who believe marijuana use is risky is decreasing

7. Effects THC acts on brain cell receptors that usually react to natural THC-like chemicals THE RESULT? Bad for the brain! Bad for the body!

8. Medical Marijuana The FDA has not yet approved the marijuana plant as a medicine Possible benefits THC – increases appetite, reduces nausea, decrease pain and inflammation CBD (Cannabidiol) – reduces pain, and inflammation, controls epileptic seizures, possibly treats mental illness and addiction

11. Date Rape Drugs— Roofies Enables sexual assault Rohypnol – makes victim sleepy and confused, memory loss, weakness, trouble breathing, impaired movement

12. Why Know The Signs? As teachers it is important for us to know what signs to look for:  In case a student needs our help  To guarantee the safety of students  To understand the best way to deal with the problem

13. Stimulants – Cocaine & Amphetamines  Dilated pupils  Boundless Energy  Hyperactivity  Clear signs of malnutrition  Runny nose  Over Confidence  Paranoia

14. Psychedelics – LSD, PCP, Mushrooms  Emotionally unstable  Hallucinations  No perception of time  Perception of surroundings deeply changed  Dilated pupils  “Good trip” – Euphoria  “Bad trip” – Negative behaviors

15. Inhalants – Nail polish remover, glue, gasoline, spray paint, etc…  Chemical odors on breath or clothes  Paint stains  Hidden containers  Disoriented appearances  Slurred speech  Depression  Irritability

16. Prevention NIDA Prevention Principles School based intervention/prevention Life Skills Training Program Project Towards No Drug Abuse

17. What can teachers do to prevent their students from abusing drugs? Show caring and concern in the classroom School as a community Take action

18. The Truth About Drugs

19. 12 step programs Therapy Rehab Education classes are offered at local community colleges Treatment:

20. Treatment: CA v. Other States California: Minor’s have rights -> He/she does not have to go to rehab if he/she does not want to, no matter parent’s request

21. Collaboration: Schools may partner with Rehabilitation centers Pre: Identifying Post: Reintegrating

22. References (December 2014). Drug Facts: High School and Youth Trends. Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/high-school-youth-trends Dixon, T. (2014, July 31). Teachers Can Help Prevent Substance Abuse. Retrieved from http://www.johnhoward.ab.ca/how-teachers-can-help-prevent- substance-abuse/. Drug Abuse | Signs and Symptoms of Cocaine Use. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.narconon.org/drug-abuse/signs-symptoms-cocaine- use.html Ekern, J. (2013, April 15). Mushrooms Addiction Symptoms, Signs, Abuse Statistics, Withdrawal Effects - Addiction Hope | Addiction Hope. Retrieved from http://www.addictionhope.com/mushrooms Frohlich, T.C., Sauter, M.B., Stebbins, S. (2015, August 19). The next 11 states to legalize marijuana. Retrieved from http://www.usatoday.com/story/money/business/2015/08/18/24-7-wall-st- marijuana/31834875 National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2015 July). Drug Facts: Is Marijuana Medicine? Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/marijuana- medicine National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2014 March). Marijuana. Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/drugs-abuse/marijuana National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2015 September). Drug Facts: Marijuana. Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/drugfacts/marijuana

23. NIDA for Teens. NIDA Blog Team. (2015, March 16). What Are Date Rape Drugs and How Do You Avoid Them? Retrieved from https://teens.drugabuse.gov/blog/post/what-are-date-rape- drugs-and-how-do-you-avoid-them Office of Natural Drug Control Policy. Answers to Frequently Asked Questions about Marijuana. Retrieved from https://www.whitehouse.gov/ondcp/frequently-asked- questions-and-facts-about-marijuana#longtermyouth Prescription Depressant Medications | NIDA for Teens. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://teens.drugabuse.gov/drug-facts/central-nervous- system-cns-depressants Preventing Drug Use Among Children and Adolescents (2003). Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/publications/preventing-drug-abuse- among-children-adolescents-in-brief/prevention-principles. Ray, L. (2015, October 14). What Are the Effects of Marijuana Use on College Students? Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/24680-effects-marijuana- use-college-students/

24. U.S Department of Health and Human Services. (2003, October). Preventing Drug Use Among Children and Adolescents: A Research-Based Guide for Parents, Educators, and Community Leaders. Retrieved from https://www.drugabuse.gov/sites/default/files/redbook_0.pdf. (2015). Darvon. Retrieved from http://www.drugs.com/mtm/darvon.html