1. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants

2. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
nonvascular seedless
charophyceans (bryophytes) vascular gymnosperms angiosperms

3. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
embryos
nonvascular seedless
charophyceans (bryophytes) vascular gymnosperms angiosperms

4. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
vascular tissue
nonvascular seedless
charophyceans (bryophytes) vascular gymnosperms angiosperms

5. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
seeds
nonvascular seedless
charophyceans (bryophytes) vascular gymnosperms angiosperms

6. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
flowers and fruit
nonvascular seedless
charophyceans (bryophytes) vascular gymnosperms angiosperms

7. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
The reduced gametophytes of seed plants are protected in ovules and pollen grains
Heterospory
Ovules and Eggs
Pollen and Sperm
Seeds.

8. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses

9. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
gametophyte

10. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
egg
gametophyte

11. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
egg
sperm
gametophyte

12. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
sperm
egg
gametophyte

13. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
sperm
egg
gametophyte

14. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
sperm
egg
gametophyte

15. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
sperm
egg
gametophyte

16. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
sperm
egg
gametophyte

17. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
sperm
egg
gametophyte

18. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
gametophyte

19. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
sporophyte
gametophyte

20. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
spores
sporophyte
gametophyte

21. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
spores

22. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
spores

23. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
spores

24. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses
spores

25. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses

26. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses

27. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Mosses

28. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Ferns

29. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Ferns
gametophyte

30. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Ferns
sperm egg
gametophyte

31. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Ferns
sperm egg
gametophyte

32. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Ferns
sporophyte
gametophyte

33. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Ferns
spores
sporophyte
gametophyte

34. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants

35. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants

36. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants

37. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
sporophyte
seed

38. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
spores
seed

39. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
gametophytes
seed

40. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

41. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

42. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

43. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

44. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

45. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

46. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

47. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

48. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

49. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

50. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

51. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
egg
seed

52. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
sperm
egg
seed

53. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
sperm
egg
seed

54. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
sperm
egg
seed

55. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
sperm
egg
seed

56. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants

57. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants

58. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
fruit
seed

59. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants

60. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants

61. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants

62. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Advantages:
Sperm do not need to swim
Pollen is durable
Pollen can travel long distances
Female gametophyte is protected
Multicellular seed is more resilient than single-cell spore.

63. Gymnosperms vs. Angiosperms
Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Gymnosperms
vs.
Angiosperms

64. Gymnosperms vs. Angiosperms
Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
naked
Gymnosperms
vs.
Angiosperms

65. Gymnosperms vs. Angiosperms
Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
naked
seeds
Gymnosperms
vs.
Angiosperms

66. Gymnosperms vs. Angiosperms
Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
naked
seeds
Gymnosperms
vs.
Angiosperms
fruit

67. Gymnosperms vs. Angiosperms
Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
naked
seeds
Gymnosperms
vs.
Angiosperms
fruit

68. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Monocot vs. Dicot

69. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Monocot vs. Dicot
One cotyledon
Two cotyledons

70. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Monocot vs. Dicot
One cotyledon
Parallel veins
Two cotyledons
Netlike veins

71. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Monocot vs. Dicot
One cotyledon
Parallel veins
Vascular scattered
Two cotyledons
Netlike veins
Vascular in rings

72. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Monocot vs. Dicot
One cotyledon
Parallel veins
Vascular scattered
Fibrous roots
Two cotyledons
Netlike veins
Vascular in rings
Taproots

73. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Monocot vs. Dicot
One cotyledon
Parallel veins
Vascular scattered
Fibrous roots
Pollen 1 opening
Two cotyledons
Netlike veins
Vascular in rings
Taproots
Pollen 3 openings

74. Chapter 30 – The Evolution of Seed Plants
Monocot vs. Dicot
One cotyledon
Parallel veins
Vascular scattered
Fibrous roots
Pollen 1 opening
Petals x 3
Two cotyledons
Netlike veins
Vascular in rings
Taproots
Pollen 3 openings
Petals x 4 or 5 .