1. Slide 1 Mosby items and derived items © 2006, 2002 by Mosby, Inc. DATA-COLLECTION METHODS Chapter 14

2. Slide 2 Mosby items and derived items © 2006, 2002 by Mosby, Inc. Learning Outcomes List the advantages and disadvantages of each data collection method. Compare how specific data-collection methods contribute to the strength of evidence in a research study. Critically evaluate the data-collection methods used in published nursing research studies.

3. Slide 3 Mosby items and derived items © 2006, 2002 by Mosby, Inc. Data-Collection Methods To a large extent... The success of a research study depends on the quality of the data-collection methods chosen and implemented!

4. Slide 4 Mosby items and derived items © 2006, 2002 by Mosby, Inc. Data-Collection Methods Goodness of fit between: Purpose Design Research question(s) or hypotheses Conceptual and operational definitions Data-collection method

5. Slide 5 Mosby items and derived items © 2006, 2002 by Mosby, Inc. Source of Data Biological and physical indicators of health –Blood pressure –Heart rate –HgbA 1 c –T 3, T 4 Psychosocial variables –Anxiety –Hope –Adjustment –Quality of life

6. Slide 6 Mosby items and derived items © 2006, 2002 by Mosby, Inc. Data-Collection Strategies Physiological or biological measurements Observational methods Interviews –Open-ended –Closed-ended Questionnaires Records or available data –Hospital records –Historical documents –Audio or video tapes

7. Slide 7 Mosby items and derived items © 2006, 2002 by Mosby, Inc. Observation 1.Observations undertaken are consistent with study’s objectives and theoretical frameworks 2.Standardized and systematic plan for observation and recording of data 3.Training of data collectors 4.All observations are checked and controlled

8. Slide 8 Mosby items and derived items © 2006, 2002 by Mosby, Inc. Observational Methods Concealment without intervention Concealment with intervention No concealment without intervention No concealment with intervention

9. Slide 9 Mosby items and derived items © 2006, 2002 by Mosby, Inc. Measurement Tools Open-ended questions Closed-ended questions –Likert-type scales –True/False –Semantic differential

10. Slide 10 Mosby items and derived items © 2006, 2002 by Mosby, Inc. Measurement Methods Use a combination of measures: interviews and questionnaires

11. Slide 11 Mosby items and derived items © 2006, 2002 by Mosby, Inc. Critical Thinking Decision Path: Consumer of Research Literature Review