1. Profile of a Leader

2. Definition of a Leader
Leadership is about articulating visions, embodying values, and creating the environment within which things can be accomplished. - Richards & Engle
When the effective leader is finished with his work, the people say it happened naturally. - Lao Tse
The task of the leader is to get his people from where they are to where they have not been. - Henry Kissinger

3. Characteristics of a Leader
Leaders are willing to take risks.
Leaders think in terms of do’s, not don’ts.
Leaders see change as a constant, not an event.
Leaders have a vision of the future.
Leaders overcome adversity.
Leaders value teamwork and bridge diversity.

4. Function of the Leader Create a vision. Foster commitment.
Affirm and articulate values.
Inspire trust.
Integrate diverse views.
Appreciate dialog.
Help others exert their influence.
Foster commitment.
Involve others in decision making.
Listen and explain.
Facilitate, energize and sustain action.
Serve as role models.
Maintain community support.

5. Most Effective Leaders
Know the interests of the members.
Understand the hopes & limitations of community.
Know concerns of members.
Know how to motivate members.
Without motivation, no action will take place.
Know how to establish communication between members.
Know how to conduct meetings.
Know how to assess effectiveness.
This can become a powerful motivating force for further action and commitment.

6. LEADERSHIP vs. MANAGEMENT
A person can be a leader without being a manager.
A person can be a manager without being a leader.
What are the difference between leadership and management?

7. LEADERSHIP vs. MANAGEMENT
The manager administers.
The manager has a short-range view.
The manager asks how and when.
The manager has his/her eye on the bottom line.
The manager accepts the status quo.
The leader innovates.
The leader has a long-range perspective.
The leader asks what and why.
The leader has his/her eye on the horizon
The leader challenges it.

8. Shared Leadership
Shared leadership is leadership that directs; it does not dictate.
When shared leadership occurs, people approach problems in collaborative ways. They engage each other in defining:
What is important
What is to be done
How best to do it

9. Characteristics of a Leader
“A leader is best when people barely know he exists. Not so good when people obey and acclaim him. Worst when they despise him.”
“Fail to honor the people, they fail to honor you. But of a good leader, who talks little, when his work is done, his aim fulfilled, they will say, ‘We did it ourselves.’” - Lao Tzu (Old Master) - Chinese Taoist Philosopher

10. What do leaders do? They talk… They talk about what’s important.
They talk about where we’re headed.
They talk about what we stand for.
They talk about falling in love with risk.
And they get people motivated.
What’s Important
Values drive organizations
Values shape
Attitudes, Policies, Procedures, Activities
Values are always being demonstrated
You can’t hide them.
Values will create your organization’s culture
You have values.
When working with the others in your group, be clear about what you value.
Once people agree on a set of mutual values, your group’s objectives will be more easily defined.
Where we’re headed
Visions need to be:
Simple, Easily understood, Clearly desirable by all, Energizing
Grabs
Focuses
Arouses passion
Transforms purpose into action
Compels
Pulls people toward it
Commits people to action
Drives a stake in the ground
Becomes a rallying point
What we stand for
It needs to clearly separate you from all others.
It is your external rallying cry.
You need to have a Credo or a strong, crisp, clean statement of what you believe in and what you stand for.
Falling in Love With Risk
When there’s no risks taken, you can almost bet that it will be just another day with expected results.
Those who do not learn to love risk, close the door to leadership.
Through risk, we gain a perspective on what it means to be alive, to try new things, to challenge, to accept the possibility of failure as well as success.
Motivated
A leader empowers people, pulls rather than pushes, attracts and energizes people to a vision of the future.
A leader motivates by identification with the vision and helping the group to align with it.

11. Lewin’s Leadership Study
Conducted in 1939
Used Schoolchildren in arts and crafts project
Used three different leadership groups
Leader dictated everything
Leader allowed group input
Leader let group do as they please
Study established three Leadership styles
Authoritarian Leadership (Autocratic)
Participative Leadership (Democratic)
Delegative Leadership (Laissez-Faire)
In 1939, a group of researchers led by psychologist Kurt Lewin conducted a study on school children participating in an arts and crafts project under the supervision of three different leadership styles. There were significant differences between the groups. Today, those initial three styles have been expanded into six different styles.

12. Lewin’s Leadership Styles
Authoritarian Leadership (Autocratic)
Found decision-making was less creative
Sometimes viewed as controlling, bossy and dictatorial
Participative Leadership (Democratic)
Most effective style
Less productive, but contributions were higher quality
More motivated and creative
Delegative Leadership (Laissez-Faire)
Little cooperation among each other and unable to work independently
Effective when members are highly qualified in an area of expertise
Leads to poorly defined roles and lack of motivation
In 1939, a group of researchers led by psychologist Kurt Lewin conducted a study on school children participating in an arts and crafts project under the supervision of three different leadership styles. There were significant differences between the groups. Today, those initial three styles have been expanded into six different styles.

13. Taking Stock:
What is your primary leadership style?

14. Coercive Style Good or Bad? Now referred to by Goleman as “Commanding”
“Do what I say”
Manipulative and Forceful
Effective in a turnaround situation or in dealing with a problem employee
Overall, is counter productive in most situations
Daniel Goleman is one of the most renounced researcher in leadership styles

15. Authoritative Style Good or Bad?
Now referred to by Goleman as “Visionary”
“Come with Me” or “Here is where we are going”
Gives people freedom to choose from a range of options or to apply creativity
Overall is very productive in all climates

16. Affiliative Style Good or Bad? “People come first”
Builds Team Harmony and increases overall morale
Emphasis on people and their feelings over accomplishing tasks & goals
Overall is good in most climates, rarely offers advice leaving many people perpetually confused or undirected

17. Democratic Style Good or Bad? “What do you guys think we should do?”
Can build flexibility and give people responsibility
Works best when leader is uncertain about what direction to take
Overall good in most climates, but often leads to a leaderless organization

18. Pacesetting Style Good or Bad? “Follow Me!”
Sets high performance standards
Is effective with the self-motivated and competent
Leaves others overwhelmed and scared
Overall not good in any climate, should be used sparingly

19. Coaching Style Good or Bad? “Let me show you how”
A focus on conversations—helps those willing to or even desiring change
Little or no focus on task related accomplishments
Overall good, but not seen as a “bottom-line” approach

20. Steps to Becoming a L-E-A-D-E-R
Listen
Don’t assume - ask
Enthusiastic
Be positive and optimistic
Action
Be creative and take risks
Dependability
Be ethical and with communities best interest at heart
Educated
Understand dynamics of community and lead by example
Results
Getting positive things accomplished
Listen
Speaking out and taking a stand is one thing, but keeping an open ear is essential. Don’t assume what citizens want. Go out and talk with all organization members.
Enthusiastic
If you are passionate about local issues, the enthusiasm will radiate to the rest of the community. A positive attitude and optimism will also go a long way to make the task both fun and effective.
Action
Goals are important, but providing a comprehensive plan of action that explains how to reach those goals is even more so. Be creative and take risks in order to find new ways of accomplishing those goals.
Dependability
The community should be able to trust its leaders to operate ethically and with their best interests at heart.
Educated
A leader should have a good understanding of the dynamics of the community, and how its members operate. A leader should also lead by example.
Results
The motivation to be a leader should not be for an impressive resume or to satisfy the urge for attention – it should be about getting something positive done. There are true leaders, and then there are people who grab a leadership position as a stepping stone in their career.

21. Commonality of Great Leaders
Magnitude of their impact
Duration of their impact
The number of followers
Magnitude – great leaders will be judged by the vigor and growth of their teachings and the amount of influence that has on other leaders
Duration – has the work and teaching of their leadership survived the test of time.
Followers - how many have been impacted by their teachings and leadership and how long will their message influence the behavior of significant numbers of people.

22. Questions?