1. The Plymouth Colony
Chapter 4 Lesson 3
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2. Objectives Learn how people lived in the Plymouth Colony
Describe the cooperation and conflict between settlers and Native Americans.
Explain how English settlers developed ways to govern themselves

3. The Pilgrim’s Journey
1614 – John Smith leaves Jamestown to explore north
Wrote “A Description of New England”
6 states: Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Vermont, New Hampshire, and Maine

5. Seeking Religious Freedom
English read Smith’s book and thought about moving.
Why?
Money
Religious reasons

6. Seeking Religious Freedom
King Henry VIII – banned the Catholic church in England.
Replaced with the Church of England
Everyone must belong or punished

7. Seeking Religious Freedom
Pilgrims – person who makes a journey for religious reasons
Pilgrims left England for the Netherlands to worship freely
Had religious freedom, but didn’t like Dutch way of life.
OPTION: Move to North America

8. Seeking Religious Freedom
Virginia Company – paid for their passage
Pilgrims would pay them back with furs, lumber, and new land
1620 – left England on a ship called the Mayflower

10. Seeking Religious Freedom
Why did the Pilgrims want to go to North America?
To build their own society where everyone shared the same religious beliefs

11. Mayflower Compact
Mayflower was headed for Virginia, but storms blew it off course
Landed at Cape Cod in now Massachusetts

14. Mayflower Compact All men signed a compact to keep order
Compact – is an agreement
The Mayflower Compact agreed
Fair laws would be made that benefited the entire colony
They promised to obey these laws

16. Mayflower Compact
Majority Rule – if more than half the people agreed to a law or decision, everyone must follow it
Majority Rule was included in the Mayflower Compact

17. Mayflower Compact
Self-Government – The Mayflower compact gave those who signed it the right to govern themselves
Very new idea ~ they were used to Monarchs ruling
Only Men signed the compact, but woman must obey

18. Mayflower Compact
Pilgrims took several weeks to find a place to settle
Chose a site on a harbor: This provided easy access to the Atlantic Ocean for shipping and trade
Fresh water and good land for growing crops was close
John Smith had already named the area PLYMOUTH

19. Plymouth
William Bradford
One of Plymouth’s early governors

20. Building a Colony Worked hard at making good choices
But, first winter was HARD
50 of the 102 settlers died

21. Building a Colony – Help arrives
Samoset – Native American who came in the spring speaking English
Came back with Tisquantum also called Squanto
Squanto was from the Wampanoag tribe

22. Building a Colony – Help arrives
Squanto – had been taken and sold as a slave in Spain
He escaped and spent several years in England before returning back to North America
He learned English and was able to communicate with the Pilgrims

23. Tisquantum – aka Squanto
Taught Pilgrims how to plant squash, corn, and pumpkins
Also how to fish
Both groups benefited from their cooperation (Pilgrims and Wampanoag)

24. Tisquantum – aka Squanto
Squanto helped the colonists trade for furs from other other tribes
The Native Americans traded for metal goods and cloth
Metal goods used to make tools and jewelry

25. Plymouth Grows
At the beginning all food was divided equally among the colonists
In 1623, leaders divided the land among the colonists
The result: the people worked harder

26. Growing Prosperity More colonists came
They prospered from farming, fishing, and fur trading
However, slow growth the first 10 years
By 1630, only 300 colonists

27. Trouble Starts
After 1630, other English came and settled throughout New England
Not all were friendly with Native Americans
They did not see a need to cooperate with Indians
Fights broke out ~ Trade ended

28. Trouble Starts
Once trade ended, life became harder for the colonists and Native Americans
William Bradford (who supported peace at the beginning) now wanted war to push out Native Americans

29. Trouble Starts
As homelands for the Native Americans grew smaller, they began to fight with each other over hunting lands

30. Summary
Pilgrims leave Europe to establish a society based on their religious beliefs.
Settlers wrote the Mayflower Compact to set up self-government.
Early on, Native Americans helped, but as colonists moved into their lands, fighting broke out.

31. Chapter 4 Review Which nation started colonies in the Americas first?
Spain

32. Chapter 4 Review
What did Spain start in the borderlands of New Spain to convert the Native Americans to Christianity?
Missions

33. Chapter 4 Review
Which colony made huge profits as a result of tobacco sales to Europe?
Virginia

34. Chapter 4 Review
What was England’s first permanent settlement in North America?
Jamestown

35. Chapter 4 Review Which is an example of a primary source?
A photograph of reenactors at Jamestown
A movie about Pocahontas’s life
John Smith’s book “A Description of New England”
A recent book about Jamestown

36. Chapter 4 Review
What was a key advantage of the Pilgrims’ building their settlement on a bay?
Near the Atlantic ocean and provided easy access to shipping and trade

37. Chapter 4 Review
How did Tisquantum help the first colonists in New England?
Taught them how to farm and fish

38. Chapter 4 Review
Why was Jamestown’s location a poor choice for a settlement?
The land was swampy and not good for farming

39. Chapter 4 Review
How did missionaries affect native Americans in New Spain?
They held ceremonies to make large numbers Catholic. They taught them Catholic beliefs. Some forced them to work as slaves. Were forced to change how they lived and worshipped.

40. Chapter 4 Review
How does the Mayflower Compact form a self-government?
The people who signed the compact agreed to make and follow their own laws for the common good.

41. Chapter 4 Review
What kinds of activities made up the early economies of the North American colonies?
Farming, ranching, fishing, fur trading, and shipping goods and raw materials back to Europe

42. Chapter 4 Review Why was the House of Burgesses important?
Helped make laws that were needed to keep order. It was also the first representative assembly in the English colonies. It allowed some of the Virginia colonists to elect members to the House of Burgesses who would represent them.

43. Chapter 4 Review Which is an example of a primary source?
John Smith’s book “A Description of New England”