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8 The Nervous System
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Which part of the nervous system is responsible for skeletal muscle control?
autonomic afferent somatic sympathetic Answer: c. somatic
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Which part of the nervous system is responsible for skeletal muscle control?
autonomic afferent somatic sympathetic Answer: c. somatic
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Changes in membrane potential that cannot spread far from the site of stimulation, thus affecting a limited portion of the plasma membrane, are called thresholds. action potentials. hyperpolarizations. graded potentials. Answer: d. graded potentials.
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Changes in membrane potential that cannot spread far from the site of stimulation, thus affecting a limited portion of the plasma membrane, are called thresholds. action potentials. hyperpolarizations. graded potentials. Answer: d. graded potentials.
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Which of the following occurs along unmyelinated axons at a speed of about one meter per second?
nodal propagation continuous propagation hillock-centered propagation saltatory propagation Answer: b. continuous propagation
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Which of the following occurs along unmyelinated axons at a speed of about one meter per second?
nodal propagation continuous propagation hillock-centered propagation saltatory propagation Answer: b. continuous propagation
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Which of the following correctly describes an axon terminal?
axon hillock of a presynaptic neuron knob-like ending of a postsynaptic neuron proximal dendritic spine of a motor neuron knob-like ending of a presynaptic neuron Answer: d. knob-like ending of a presynaptic neuron
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Which of the following correctly describes an axon terminal?
axon hillock of a presynaptic neuron knob-like ending of a postsynaptic neuron proximal dendritic spine of a motor neuron knob-like ending of a presynaptic neuron Answer: d. knob-like ending of a presynaptic neuron
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The second meningeal layer is known as
pia mater. dura mater. subdural space. arachnoid. Answer: d. arachnoid.
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The second meningeal layer is known as
pia mater. dura mater. subdural space. arachnoid. Answer: d. arachnoid.
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Which structure consists of a network of permeable capillaries covered by ependymal cells, and secretes cerebrospinal fluid in each of the four brain ventricles? hypothalamus epithalamus choroid plexus reticular system Answer: c. choroid plexus
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Which structure consists of a network of permeable capillaries covered by ependymal cells, and secretes cerebrospinal fluid in each of the four brain ventricles? hypothalamus epithalamus choroid plexus reticular system Answer: c. choroid plexus
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The primary sensory cortex is found on the surface of the
precentral gyrus. postcentral gyrus. temporal lobe. hippocampus. Answer: b. postcentral gyrus.
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The primary sensory cortex is found on the surface of the
precentral gyrus. postcentral gyrus. temporal lobe. hippocampus. Answer: b. postcentral gyrus.
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Damage to which area results in problems with estimating time relationships between events?
prefrontal cortex hippocampus amygdala hypothalamus Answer: a. prefrontal cortex
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Damage to which area results in problems with estimating time relationships between events?
prefrontal cortex hippocampus amygdala hypothalamus Answer: a. prefrontal cortex
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A plantar reflex is also known as a
positive Babinski reflex. reciprocal inhibition. negative Babinski reflex. Babinski sign. Answer: c. negative Babinski reflex.
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A plantar reflex is also known as a
positive Babinski reflex. reciprocal inhibition. negative Babinski reflex. Babinski sign. Answer: c. negative Babinski reflex.
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The activities of pyramidal cells in the primary motor cortex are stimulated or inhibited by output from the basal nuclei and cerebellum. reticular system. thalamus. cerebellum and hippocampus. Answer: a. basal nuclei and cerebellum.
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The activities of pyramidal cells in the primary motor cortex are stimulated or inhibited by output from the basal nuclei and cerebellum. reticular system. thalamus. cerebellum and hippocampus. Answer: a. basal nuclei and cerebellum.
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Which of the following indicates increased activity of the parasympathetic nervous system?
pupil constriction decreased heart rate bronchoconstriction All of the answers are correct. Answer: d. All of the answers are correct.
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Which of the following indicates increased activity of the parasympathetic nervous system?
pupil constriction decreased heart rate bronchoconstriction All of the answers are correct. Answer: d. All of the answers are correct.
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Norepinephrine and epinephrine are released by which of the following?
hypothalamus adrenal medulla pituitary gland adrenal cortex Answer: b. adrenal medulla
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Norepinephrine and epinephrine are released by which of the following?
hypothalamus adrenal medulla pituitary gland adrenal cortex Answer: b. adrenal medulla
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Which of the following is true regarding the effects of parasympathetic stimulation?
They are more localized and less specific than sympathetic effects. They are less localized and less specific than sympathetic effects. They are less localized and more specific than sympathetic effects. They are more localized and more specific than sympathetic effects. Answer: d. They are more localized and more specific than sympathetic effects.
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Which of the following is true regarding the effects of parasympathetic stimulation?
They are more localized and less specific than sympathetic effects. They are less localized and less specific than sympathetic effects. They are less localized and more specific than sympathetic effects. They are more localized and more specific than sympathetic effects. Answer: d. They are more localized and more specific than sympathetic effects.
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A middle-aged patient reports it has recently become extremely difficult for him to initiate voluntary muscle movements. This symptom is characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. multiple sclerosis. Parkinson's disease. Answer: d. Parkinson's disease.
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A middle-aged patient reports it has recently become extremely difficult for him to initiate voluntary muscle movements. This symptom is characteristic of Alzheimer's disease. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. multiple sclerosis. Parkinson's disease. Answer: d. Parkinson's disease.
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Which structure acts as a filter, transmitting to the primary sensory cortex only a small portion of the arriving sensory information? hypothalamus thalamus hippocampus cerebellum Answer: b. thalamus
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Which structure acts as a filter, transmitting to the primary sensory cortex only a small portion of the arriving sensory information? hypothalamus thalamus hippocampus cerebellum Answer: b. thalamus
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sending signals to muscles
efferent Afferent Central decending 10
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Central nervous system is made of
Brain and spinal cord Smooth muscles Cardiac muscles All of the above 10
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The PNS that brings info to the CNS
motor division. afferent division. efferent division. autonomic division. somatic division. 10
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All of the nervous tissue outside of the central nervous system comprises the ________ nervous system. somatic autonomic sympathetic central peripheral none of the above 10
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The ________ division of the nervous system brings sensory information to the central nervous system. afferent descending efferent motor spinal 10
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The ________ nervous system provides involuntary regulation of smooth muscle, cardiac muscle, and glandular activity. central autonomic somatic collateral ganglionic none of the above 10
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ID Nodes of Ranvier Axon hillock Nucleus Neurilemma 10
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The astrocytes major function is to
break down bacteria Produce myelin Maintaining the blood-brain barrier Produce CSF 10
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The branching structures of neurons that receive and send signals towards the cell body
axons. Nissl bodies. synapses. dendrites. neurofibrils 10
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ID Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Cell body 10
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Satellite cells main function in the PNS
break down bacteria Produce myelin Maintaining the blood-brain barrier Produce CSF none of the above 10
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Tiny cells that are phagocytic
astrocytes. Schwann cells. oligodendrocytes. microglia. ependymal cells. 10
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Clusters of rough endoplasmic reticulum and free ribosomes are known as
neurofilaments. neurofibrils. synapses. Nissl bodies. microglia. none of the above 10
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The automatic processing center responsible for programming and fine-tuning movements controlled at the conscious and subconscious levels is the cerebrum. midbrain. cerebellum. pons. medulla. 10
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The area anterior (front) to the central sulcus is the
parietal lobe. temporal lobe. frontal lobe. occipital lobe. postcentral gyrus. 10
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The area inferior (below) to the lateral sulcus is the
parietal lobe. temporal lobe. frontal lobe. occipital lobe. cerebellar lobe. 10
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Which structure contains the cardiovascular and respiratory rhythmicity reflex centers?
inferior colliculus superior colliculus pons cerebellum medulla oblongata 10
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The ________ acts as a switching and relay center for integration of conscious and unconscious sensory information and motor commands. It consists of the epithalamiums, thalamus, and hypothalamus. cerebellum midbrain diencephalon pons medulla 10
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State of Wakefulness or reticular formations is in the
medulla oblongata. pons. midbrain. diencephalon. cerebellum. 10
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The primary sensory cortex is located on
frontal lobe. parietal lobe. temporal lobe. occipital lobe. cerebellum. 10
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ID 10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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If you lose the ability to speak you might have damaged
Broca’s Wernicke's Midbrain Cerebellum pons 10
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ID Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Cell body 10
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Location of the nucleus
Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Cell body Axon 10
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ID Axon terminal Dendrite Nucleus Neurilemma 10
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Generally conducts impulses away from the cell body
Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Axon Nodes of Ranvier 10
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ID 10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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Hemisphere that tends to be involved in language skills, analytical tasks, and logic
Wernicke’s Area (General Interpretive Area) Broca’s Area (Speech Center) Left Hemisphere Right Hemisphere 10
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Increases the speed of impulse transmission
Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Axon Nodes of Ranvier 10
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Conducts local electrical currents toward the cell body.
Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Cell body Axon 10
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The primary motor cortex of the cerebrum is located in the ________.
cerebellum precentral gyrus (frontal lobe) pons lateral sulcus postcentral gyrus (parietal lobe) 10
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A higher ordered center that regulates breathing and vocalization, the motor skills needed for speaking. Central Sulcus Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe Wernicke’s Area (General Interpretive Area) Broca’s Area (Speech Center) 10
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ID 10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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Consists of the precentral gyrus which contains the primary motor cortex which is monitored by the somatic motor association area responsible for coordinating movement. Central Sulcus Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe Parietal Lobe Occipital Lobe 10
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10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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Consists of the postcentral gyrus which contains the primary sensory cortex monitored by the somatic sensory association area which helps to recognize touch. Central Sulcus Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe Parietal Lobe Occipital Lobe 10
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Gaps in a myelin sheath Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Cell body
Nodes of Ranvier 10
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ID 10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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What separates the two hemispheres
longitudinal fissure. postcentral gyrus. precentral gyrus. frontal lobe. postcentral sulcus. 10
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ID Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Cell body Axon 10
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ID 10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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Divides the motor and sensory areas of the cortex.
Central Sulcus Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe Parietal Lobe 10
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ID 10 Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Nodes of Ranvier Nucleus
Neurilemma 10
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Clustered ribosomes and rough ER
Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Cell body Axon Nissl bodies Nodes of Ranvier 10
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ID 10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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Hemisphere that tends to be involved in analyzing sensory input and relating it to the body, as well as analyzing emotional content. Wernicke’s Area (General Interpretive Area) Broca’s Area (Speech Center) Left Hemisphere Right Hemisphere 10
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Which of the following performs such abstract intellectual function as predicting the future consequences of events or actions, or feelings such as tension, anxiety, or frustration? pons basal ganglia hippocampus thalamus prefrontal cortex 10
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ID Axon terminal Nodes of Ranvier Axon hillock Nucleus Neurilemma 10
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What is the largest part of the diencephalon
cerebellum Midbrain Epithalamus Thalmus hypothalamus 10
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ID 10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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Releases neurotransmitters
Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Cell body Axon 10
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ID Schwann Cell Nodes of Ranvier Axon hillock Nucleus Neurilemma 10
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ID 10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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The visual cortex can be found
frontal lobe. parietal lobe. temporal lobe. occipital lobe. cerebellum. 10
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Contains the visual cortex.
Central Sulcus Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe Parietal Lobe Occipital Lobe 10
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Contains the gustatory, auditory, and olfactory cortexes.
Central Sulcus Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe Parietal Lobe Occipital Lobe 10
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ID 10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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ID Axon terminal Dendrite Myelin sheath Cell body Axon 10
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Coordinates information from the entire cortex, including skills such as predicting time lines and making judgments. It also includes feelings such as frustration, anxiety, and tension. Frontal Lobe Temporal Lobe Parietal Lobe Occipital Lobe Prefontal Cortex 10
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A higher ordered center that integrates sensory information to form visual and auditory memory.
Prefontal Cortex Wernicke’s Area (General Interpretive Area) Broca’s Area (Speech Center) Left Hemisphere Right Hemisphere 10
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ID 10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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ID Schwann Cell Nodes of Ranvier Axon hillock Nucleus Neurilemma 10
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Neurons that have two or more dendrites and a single axon extending away from the soma are called
polypolar. unipolar. bipolar. tripolar. multipolar. nonepolar 10
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ID 10 Frontal Lobe Parietal Lobe Temporal Lobe Precentral Gyrus
Parieto-occipital fissure Post central Gyrus Lateral Sulcus Central Sulcus Cerebellum Medulla Occipital Lobe Pons 10
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