1. Chapter 6: Civil War and Reconstruction
Core Lesson 4: Reconstruction

2. Plans for Reconstruction
President Lincoln and Congress disagreed about how to rebuild the South.
Reconstruction
The period when the South rejoined the Union
Very difficult to agree
Some wanted to make it easy for the South to rejoin
Others wanted to punish the South

3. Plans for Reconstruction
Lincoln’s plan
Allow defeated states to set up new state gov’t and rejoin quickly
Radical Republicans disagreed
Hoped to use Reconstruction to protect rights of African Americans

4. Plans for Reconstruction
Lincoln’s Death
April 14, 1865 Ford’s Theater in Washington
John Wilkes Booth shot Lincoln b/c he was angry about South’s defeat
Lincoln died next day
His assassination shocked the nation
Murder of an important leader

5. Plans for Reconstruction
Review: What was Lincoln’s plan for Reconstruction?

6. Reconstruction Hi kiddos! Love, Mrs. Manuel! I miss Homestead!
Congress took control of Reconstruction from President Andrew Johnson.
Southern states’ new government
Forced to abolish slavery
Passed laws called Black Codes
Limited rights of former slaves to travel, vote, and work in certain jobs

7. Reconstruction Radical Republicans upset Congress fights back
By Black Codes
Johnson allowed former Confederate leaders in Congress
Congress fights back
Voted against allowing new southern representatives from joining Congress
Passed laws to protect freed slaves
Created Freedmen’s Bureau
An organization that provided food, clothing, medical care, and legal advice to poor blacks and whites

8. Reconstruction Congress Takes Control
1867 – puts South under military rule to force them to obey laws
National army soldiers marched into region
All men (black and white) allowed to vote
1868 – House of Reps voted to impeach Johnson
Charge a gov’t official with a crime
Accused him of breaking one of their new laws
Did not succeed

9. Reconstruction Carpetbaggers and Scalawags Scalawags Carpetbaggers
Slang for old worthless horse
Name for southerners who helped gov’t during Reconstruction
Carpetbaggers
Name for northerners who traveled south during Reconstruction
Reasons
Help rebuild
Make money
Disliked by southerners

10. Review: Why were soldiers sent to the South?
Reconstruction
Review: Why were soldiers sent to the South?

11. The Constitution Changes
Congress changed the Constitution to protect the rights of African Americans
3 new amendments added to Constitution
Gave national gov’t more power over states
Protected rights of African Americans

12. The Constitution Changes
Thirteenth Amendment
Ended slavery in USA
Ratified (approved) 1865
Fourteenth Amendment
Gave citizenship to African Americans
States could not limit rights of citizens (no Black Code)
“due process of law” = all citizens treated equally
States had to ratify in order to rejoin Union

13. The Constitution Changes
Fifteenth Amendment
Guaranteed African American men the right to vote
Ratified 1870
Had an effect right away
African Americans had a part in gov’t even as leaders
Created first public schools for whites and blacks in South
16 African Americans joined US Congress
Blanche K. Bruce and Hiram Revels = 2 of the first black senators

14. The Constitution Changes
The Struggle for Rights Continues
Amendments did help, but not solve, the nation’s problems
Some (in North and in South) did not want African Americans to vote or have equal rights
Some laws were ignored

15. The Constitution Changes
Review: Why did Congress pass the Fourteenth Amendment?

16. Why It Matters…
During Reconstruction, the nation’s laws became firer, with new constitutional protection for citizens’ rights and freedoms.