1. Advanced Civil Engineering Education Initiative
The Background
Richard Jardine
Professor of Geomechanics
Director of MSc Programme

2. Civil Engineering Counts! Societal challenges
Health and quality of life: water supply and treatment, transport, buildings
Energy supply and conservation: offshore oil and gas, wind generators, nuclear etc
Protecting the public: road safety, earthquakes, floods, landslides…..

3. Aberfan
1966

4. Civil Engineering Counts! Economic challenges
UK Construction: £74.7bn per year!
High risk; low profit; low share values; 30% too expensive? Can it be better organised/managed?
UK Construction services £7 to £8bn!
Much of it in exports. But can these knowledge businesses remain competitive without high level skills?

5. Civil Engineering Counts! Environmental challenges
Industry’s perceived negative impact
At odds with actual role in protecting natural environment and enhancing towns & cities
Crucial now to develop rational strategies for sustainable future

6. Sustainable cites….living with difficult neighbours?

7. Civil Engineering teams and skills GPs and specialists
Longstanding recognition of need for specialism. Suite of Imperial College MScs set up in 1940’s
Growing need for specialist education that cannot be provided by BEng, MEng, or CPD
PhDs are valuable but rarely required for practice
Specialist MSc courses most cost-effective means
Example of demand: half UK geotechnical specialists have MScs; 50% from Imperial College

8. Civil Engineering Human Resources crisis
Highly skilled professionals needed to meet technical, managerial, environmental challenges
Skills shortages cited as major problem in surveys, limiting ability to deliver - from transport to deepwater energy
Example of AGS. Among top 4 problems facing industry were:
Quality of work
Skills shortages
Cuts in funding for MSc students

9. Applications to Imperial College Civil MSc courses
Enrolment down from maximum of 160 to 125
Now 71% non-UK domiciled entry

10. Trends in A level entries: 1992 = 100

11. MSc applications lag several years behind UGs
Trends in undergraduate applications for Civil Engineering degrees: 1994 = 100
MSc applications lag several years behind UGs

12. Civil Engineering Human Resources crisis
Cultural drift away from physical sciences:
`A’ level and degree choices; fewer graduates
UK graduates less inclined to undertake specialist MScs:
Four year MEng
Student debt
EPSRC/NERC funds cut for core topics
Low salaries & status issues
MSc gives little financial benefit
Decades needed to repay personal investment

13. Civil Engineering at Universities
Courses are expensive to run; able students and staff are hard to attract; MSc studies have a low priority; economics don’t add up
General trend is to contract; many courses closing or under threat
Strategy at Imperial College: to swim upstream!
First step was to survey 300+ MSc and MEng students

14. Advanced Civil Engineering Education Initiative
Reconfiguring Imperial courses to optimise:
Appeal to able students
Educational topicality, relevance, quality
Economics, flexibility of delivery
Interact with ICE, ISE, RAEng etc; Research Councils (EPSRC, NERC); Industry; Government – seek participation & support
Build funding for Imperial College courses and student bursaries; create opportunities
Publicise our findings and opportunities on offer

15. Reconfiguring our MSc courses Wise up, don’t dumb down!
Regrouping of 9 existing courses into 4 clusters:
Advanced structures
Environment
Geotechnics
Transport
Introduction of two new courses:
Integrated structures
Earthquake Engineering
New options in all four clusters for dual degree titles. 25 MSc titles created by adding 25% of:
Business Management or
Sustainable Development

16. Advanced Structural Concrete Structures Engineering Cluster Concrete Structures & Business Management Concrete Structures & Sustainable Development Structural Steel Design Structural Steel Design & Business Management Structural Steel Design & Sustainable Development Earthquake Engineering Integrated Structural Engineering Geotechnics Cluster Soil Mechanics Soil Mechanics & Engineering Seismology Soil Mechanics & Environmental Geotechnics Soil Mechanics & Business Management Soil Mechanics & Sustainable Development Engineering Geology Engineering Geology& Business Management Engineering Geology & Sustainable Development Environmental Cluster Environmental Engineering Environmental Engineering & Business Management Environmental Engineering & Sustainable Development Hydrology for Environmental Management Hydrology& Business Management Hydrology & Sustainable Development Transport Cluster Transport Transport & Business Management Transport & Sustainable Development

17. Advanced Civil Engineering Initiative: other steps
Part time and CPD extension options on all MScs
MTP funding from EPSRC for geotechnics & transport, also NERC funding for hydrology
Industrial bursary group. 12 geotechnical members; recruitment inside track; liaison groups for other MScs
Seeking further funding and liaison with Industry and Research Councils

18. Finally Skills shortage is impinging on quality of professional work
Claims against PI cover are soaring, frequency doubling in last decade in some sectors
MSc course recruitment will become more difficult with time: fewer graduates, more debt etc..
Concerted effort needed if courses are not to fold and skills stream dry up altogether
Our `call to arms’ to Institutions, Research Councils, Government and Industry; help us with funding and student recruitment!

20. Earthquake Engineering
Civil Engineering Counts
Earthquake Engineering
An Example of the need for technical specialists
Nicholas N. Ambraseys
Senior Research Fellow

22. Seismic Hazard Vulnerability Loss
[EARTHQUAKE RISK] = [SEISMIC HAZARD] * [VULNERABILITY] (LOSS)
Seismic Hazard
Probability of occurrence of earthquake at a given site
& period of time
Reflects Regional & local seismotectonic activity
It is beyond human control, but knowledge of it is possible
(long-term seismicity)
Vulnerability
Physical characteristics of structure
It can be assessed, controlled and reduced
Loss
Cost of restoring structure to its state just before
the earthquake
Any other form of loss/value

28. MSc in Earthquake Engineering
(Structures Cluster)
MSc in Soil Mechanics & Engineering Seismology
(Geotechnics Cluster)

30. Sustainable Cities The New MSc David Fisk
RAEng Prof Engineering for Sustainable Development

31. Cities – Where Most of Us Live

32. Cities – As They Shouldn’t Be

33. Cities – As They Mustn't Be!

34. Urbanisation Still Growing
GEO 02

35. Engineering Can Make a Difference
Municipal Waste Asia and Pacific 2030
UNEP ‘GEO 3’ Scenarios

36. Engineering Can Make A Difference
Percent Land Area Impacted By Infrastructure 2030
GEO 02

37. Engineering Can Make A Difference
Percent Land Built Up Area 2030
GEO 02

38. From Problems to Practical Solutions
The Sustainable Development Module
Learning to Think in 4 Dimensions

39. Thinking in Three Dimensions
Space
Tight Tolerances
Create Costs
Space

40. Thinking in Four Dimensions
Lifetime consequences of design decisions for
Economic
Social
Environmental
Capital
Space
Time
Space

41. Going Further in Four Dimensions
Creating future options
Space
Time
Space

42. Matching the Design Process
Space
Delivery
Needs
Vision
Space

43. Matching the Design Process
Balanced
Scorecard techniques
Space
Delivery
Needs
Vision
Space

44. Balanced Scorecard

45. Matching the Design Process
Life
Cycle Analysis
Techniques
Space
Delivery
Needs
Vision
Space

46. Life Cycle Analysis
Key Issue Axes
Benchmark Values

47. Matching the Design Process
Value
Engineering
Techniques
Space
Delivery
Needs
Vision
Space

48. Detailed Studies
Water supply and management
Waste management
Transport infrastructure
Energy
Sustainable construction
Developing Country Infrastructure
Urban Air quality and pollution
Sustainable city

49. Page no./ref

51. Advanced Civil Engineering Education Initiative
Business Management
Stephen Glaister
Professor of Transport and Infrastructure

52. Business and policy skills for practising engineers
Human behaviour and response to incentives Fundamentals of funding and financing The public realm Understanding data: facts not prejudice Three case studies from London experience

53. Congestion Charging. A large and highly visible “experiment”

54. Congestion charging: the skills involved
Traffic engineering
Systems, IT
Will the technology and data bases be adequate?
Measuring trip patterns; survey work
Modelling behaviour
– how will individuals respond to changed incentives?
Individual choice modelling
“Criminology” rates of detection and penalty levels

55. Congestion charging: the skills involved
Appraisal – is it good value for money?
Economics of consumer behaviour
Who gains, who loses and by how much?
Public attitudes; surveys
Is it good policy?
There is grave shortage of transport planners and economists

56. Understanding a business Transport for London budget

57. Understanding the bus business
Why does the budgeted deficit increase so much?
Is this a good thing?
Is this budget likely to be sustainable?

58. Understanding the bus business: what to do?
Fares policy
Quality and volume of service policy
The cost base
- Procurement: competition?
- Labour market?
- Management?
Justification for increased subsidy
– value for public money?

59. Funding and financing: Crossrail
Choosing a route – what’s it for?
Congestion relief or regeneration?
Civil engineering design
Procurement & project management

60. Funding and financing: Crossrail
Form of contract with suppliers?
- What really went wrong with Jubilee Line Extension?
Private Finance Initiative or public sector?
- Managing cost risk?
Risk and cost of capital
- Nb PPP for London Underground!

61. Funding and financing: Crossrail
Value for money? Who pays? – distinctions between funding and financing Innovative funding mechanisms Taxes, charges, development gains

62. The public realm: Crossrail
Planning controls
What are they for?
Parliamentary process
Transport and Works Act; Hybrid bills
Policy control and political accountability
Devolution: central vs local government
Local government finance

63. The public realm: microeconomic policy
Competition policy
Economic regulation of utilities
Consumer welfare
Consumer behaviour
Industrial structure
Industrial behaviour

64. Business and policy skills for practising engineers
Human behaviour
Fundamentals of funding and financing
The public realm
Facts
These courses will help the student understand what business people, economists, civil servants and politicians are trying to achieve

66. A personal perspective Charles Walker Architect-Engineer MSc DIC
Arup Advanced Geometry Unit

69. Principal Director, Arup
‘A View From Industry’
MARTYN STROUD
Principal Director, Arup

73. Principal Director, Arup
‘A View From Industry’
MARTYN STROUD
Principal Director, Arup

74. Arup Geotechnics, London: Technical Staff
Tim Chapman
Dominic Holt
Janice Windle
Tim Robinson
Peter Ingram
Vicki Hope
Erica Seddon
Charlie Strick
Beccy Lock
Nick Elton
James Robinson
Asim Gaba
Chris Barker
Neil Chadwick
Adam Pickles
Graham Elliott
Ivan Lim
Geraldine Cheung
Zedi Nyirenda
Hoe Yeow
Anton Pillai
Mehdi Yazdchi
Heleni Pantelidou
Vicky Potts
Dinesh Patel
Sarah Hughes
Guy Waddington
Catherine Pill
Matthew Shinkel
David Pascall
Cyrus Toms
Tim Hocombe
Jeffrey Pereira
Matthew Gilliver
David Clare
Zygi Lubkowski
Nick Sartain
Martin Greenacre
Chris Humpheson
Navin Peiris
Neville Lui
Sam Godden
Emily So
Chris Dulake
Brian Coles
Alan Winter
Steve Macklin
Stephen Wilson
Cedric Wong
Phil Morley
Mark Gaby
Louisa Groves
Sarah Munks
David Beadman
Sara Anderson
Lohini Ganesharatnam
Alan Hon-Lam Cheng
Mike Devriendt
Mark Rudrum
Matt Willis
Emma Adams
Chris Martin
Peter Brice
Richard Brantingham
Anna Pearson
Roger Lee
Adrian Shrubsall
Paul Morrison
David Gill
Karen Fletcher
Peter Nono Bwomono
Mark Adams
Nick O’Riordan
Andrew Ross
Esad Porovic
Julian Wallace
Andrew Harland
Eddie Woods
Dominic Woolnough
Frank Mimnagh
Sam Tan
Keith Bowers
Paul Watson
Adam Chodorowski
Hilary Shields
Dave Twine
Andrew Lord
Rod Alwright
Stephen von Roon

75. Arup Geotechnics, London: Technical Staff with MSc’s
Tim Chapman
Dominic Holt
Janice Windle
Tim Robinson
Peter Ingram
Vicki Hope
Erica Seddon
Charlie Strick
Beccy Lock
Nick Elton
James Robinson
Asim Gaba
Chris Barker
Neil Chadwick
Adam Pickles
Graham Elliott
Ivan Lim
Geraldine Cheung
Zedi Nyirenda
Hoe Yeow
Anton Pillai
Mehdi Yazdchi
Heleni Pantelidou
Vicky Potts
Dinesh Patel
Sarah Hughes
Guy Waddington
Catherine Pill
Matthew Shinkel
David Pascall
Cyrus Toms
Tim Hocombe
Jeffrey Pereira
Matthew Gilliver
David Clare
Zygi Lubkowski
Nick Sartain
Martin Greenacre
Chris Humpheson
Navin Peiris
Neville Lui
Sam Godden
Emily So
Chris Dulake
Brian Coles
Alan Winter
Steve Macklin
Stephen Wilson
Cedric Wong
Phil Morley
Mark Gaby
Louisa Groves
Sarah Munks
David Beadman
Sara Anderson
Lohini Ganesharatnam
Alan Hon-Lam Cheng
Mike Devriendt
Mark Rudrum
Matt Willis
Emma Adams
Chris Martin
Peter Brice
Richard Brantingham
Anna Pearson
Roger Lee
Adrian Shrubsall
Paul Morrison
David Gill
Karen Fletcher
Peter Nono Bwomono
Mark Adams
Nick O’Riordan
Andrew Ross
Esad Porovic
Julian Wallace
Andrew Harland
Eddie Woods
Dominic Woolnough
Frank Mimnagh
Sam Tan
Keith Bowers
Paul Watson
Adam Chodorowski
Hilary Shields
Dave Twine
Andrew Lord
Rod Alwright
Stephen von Roon

76. Arup Geotechnics, London: Technical Staff with MSc’s at Imperial College
Tim Chapman
Dominic Holt
Janice Windle
Tim Robinson
Peter Ingram
Vicki Hope
Erica Seddon
Charlie Strick
Beccy Lock
Nick Elton
James Robinson
Asim Gaba
Chris Barker
Neil Chadwick
Adam Pickles
Graham Elliott
Ivan Lim
Geraldine Cheung
Zedi Nyirenda
Hoe Yeow
Anton Pillai
Mehdi Yazdchi
Heleni Pantelidou
Vicky Potts
Dinesh Patel
Sarah Hughes
Guy Waddington
Catherine Pill
Matthew Shinkel
David Pascall
Cyrus Toms
Tim Hocombe
Jeffrey Pereira
Matthew Gilliver
David Clare
Zygi Lubkowski
Nick Sartain
Martin Greenacre
Chris Humpheson
Navin Peiris
Neville Lui
Sam Godden
Emily So
Chris Dulake
Brian Coles
Alan Winter
Steve Macklin
Stephen Wilson
Cedric Wong
Phil Morley
Mark Gaby
Louisa Groves
Sarah Munks
David Beadman
Sara Anderson
Lohini Ganesharatnam
Alan Hon-Lam Cheng
Mike Devriendt
Mark Rudrum
Matt Willis
Emma Adams
Chris Martin
Peter Brice
Richard Brantingham
Anna Pearson
Roger Lee
Adrian Shrubsall
Paul Morrison
David Gill
Karen Fletcher
Peter Nono Bwomono
Mark Adams
Nick O’Riordan
Andrew Ross
Esad Porovic
Julian Wallace
Andrew Harland
Eddie Woods
Dominic Woolnough
Frank Mimnagh
Sam Tan
Keith Bowers
Paul Watson
Adam Chodorowski
Hilary Shields
Dave Twine
Andrew Lord
Rod Alwright
Stephen von Roon

88. Imperial College:
Advanced Civil Engineering Education Initiative

89. Principal Director, Arup
‘A View From Industry’
MARTYN STROUD
Principal Director, Arup