1. Marine Biology Michael Slemp
Chapter 1
Marine Biology
Michael Slemp

2. The Northern Elephant Seal
Named “elephant” because the nose of and adult male resembles an elephant’s trunk
Found in the North Pacific
During breeding they live on beaches, rest of the year off shore
Young pups nurse about 28 days and gain about 10 pounds a day
Adult male may reach 13 feet
Can stay under water for up to 2 hours at a time
Eat deep-water, bottom-dwelling marine animals such as ratfish, swell sharks, spiny dogfish, eels, rockfish, and squid
were hunted to the brink of extinction, primarily for their blubber, which was used for lamp oil
For more info see links in Chapter 1 “Northern Elephant Seals”

3. Who are scientists?
Someone who uses the process of science to find answers about how and why things work in the world and in the observable universe.
Science is not just facts
Science is the way we analyze the facts

4. What we know of the ocean?
We know very little in the big scheme of things
There are depths that we are still unable to measure
Life that we have not seen, species that have yet to be discovered
Resources that are still unknown
Bathynomus giganteus
For more info see links in Chapter 1 “Deep sea creatures”

5. How does oceans effect our life?
Oceans influence the weather and world climate patterns which dictate how warm, cold, wet, or dry a region will be
Oceans determines where organisms live
Oceans provide important resources (food, oxygen, and natural resources such as oil).

6. Human effect on the ocean
Commercial fishing has severely depleted many types of fish
Pollution has deteriorated many marine environments.
Coral reefs and mangroves are dying off in record numbers

7. Activity Complete the activity on page 1-6 Go step by step
Answer questions 1-7 under Reflecting on your learning
Write out the question
Your answers must be in complete sentences

8. What is Marine science?
Process of discovering facts, processes, and unifying principles that explain the nature of the oceans and their associated life forms.
Oceanography is the science of recording and describing the ocean’s contents and processes

9. Four main branches of Oceanography
Biological oceanography (marine biology) studies the diversity of life in the ocean and the oceans role as their habitat

10. Four main branches of Oceanography
Chemical oceanography studies the chemistry of the seawater. Examines chemical changes brought about by nature and people.

11. Four main branches of Oceanography
Geological oceanography is the study of the geology of the ocean. This examines the composition of marine sediments and rocks. Studies underwater volcanoes, seabed movement, earthquakes
Molokini crater in Hawaii
For more info see links in Chapter 1 “Underwater volcanoes”

12. Four main branches of Oceanography
Physical Oceanography is the study of physics in the marine environment. This examines water movement such as waves, currents and tides.

13. Integrating Sciences
Studying marine science combines traditional science concepts to marine science concepts
Integrated different fields of science allows an individual to understand that many branches of science are interconnected.
Marine science works closely with the physical sciences (chemistry/ physics), life sciences (biology, physiology and ecology) and Earth and space science ( study of the physical earth, and the universe)

14. What four study areas does marine science involve besides the traditional sciences?
Science as inquiry- way to solve problems
Science and technology- how science and technology work hand in hand with each other
Science in personal and social perspectives- how science affects you and society
Historical nature of science- how science evolved as a discipline

15. What is SCIENCE?
A body of knowledge and organized method used to gain knowledge about the observable universe.

16. Is a material system that produces results
Technology
Is a material system that produces results
What are some examples of technology?
How do we come up with technology?
What are some early examples of technology?

17. Technology? Is all technology good?
What are some downsides or negative effects of technology?
If you were top scientists how would you argue for technology that negatively affects nature? Now argue against current technology that affects nature negatively.

18. What can we do about the negative effects of technology?
1. Disregard (ignore) the effects of technology
humans go extinct
2. Dismiss the effects of technology (not agree with scientists)
3. Prioritize developing technologies that positively affect the environment
we live

19. SCIENTIFIC METHOD Identify the problem ( or questions)
This should be review for everyone. Write the 5 steps below. If you need to review these 5 steps re-read pages 1-24 through 1-28 for a detailed explanation of each
Identify the problem ( or questions)
Make a hypothesis (educated guess)
Test the hypothesis
Interpret and analyze the results
Report results, procedures and conclusions

20. Inductive and Deductive Reasoning
Inductive/ deductive reasoning should take place during step 2 of the scientific method
Use inductive reasoning to propose a process that explains the facts you observed
Use deductive reasoning to propose what you would observe should a known process take place

21. Inductive Reasoning (FIP)
Observe a fact (F)
Inductive (I) reasoning
Propose a process (P) that explains the fact
Bubbles in the water
Inductive reasoning
Scuba diver in a water

22. Deductive Reasoning (opposite of Inductive reasoning)
Observe known process
Deductive reasoning
Propose what should be observed
Scuba diver in the water
Deductive reasoning
Bubbles in the water

23. The Progress of Science
Always changing
Remember some scientist thought the earth was flat and we just fell off the edge if we got too close to the edge
Not all theories are correct
Scientist thought earth was the center of the universe for centuries

24. The Progress of Science
Scientists need to stay current on advances and current theories
Staying current can help society come to understand either positive or negative effects
Example would be human cloning
Twins are human clones,
Not all what the media writes is the most current based on the scientific theories currently presented

25. ACTIVITY Complete the activity on page 1-28
Answer question 1-5 under Reflecting on Our learning.
Write out question
Answer must be in complete sentence