1. By Scott O’Dell A book set during the Mexican-American War 1846-1848
Carlota
By Scott O’Dell
A book set during the Mexican-American War

2. Warm-up
Using the KWL Chart (at your table), write down any words or ideas that you know relate to the period of Westward Expansion in U.S. history.

3. Book Reviews
Carlota is very suspenseful; it holds the readers’ interest. Carlota has many adventures and many close calls on her way to becoming her own person. To share in these adventures and to enjoy a good book, read Carlota.
It’s historical fiction. Its subject matter is about the war between the Mexicans and Americans. I would say that the intended audience is for any age and gender because it’s interesting. It affected me by informing me about some of the historical pieces.

4. What do you want to know?
Write 3 questions you have either about Westward Expansion of the book, Carlota.

5. Historical Background
Period of ‘Westward Expansion’
Some ‘slave’ states and some ‘free’ states
Telegraph, spread of canals, steamboats, and railroads
1820’s = thousands of Americans in N. Mexico upon invitation a revolt. Texas becomes independent of Mexico.
1830’s = mass immigration of Irish, German, Scandinavian

6. telegraph
The electric telegraph is a now outdated communication system that transmitted electric signals over wires from location to location that translated into a message.

7. Historical Background continued…
A time of slave labor. North opposed to slaves, while south in support of slaves.
Women’s rights becoming a focus
Increasing cotton production from U.S. due to slave labor
Mid 1840’s = Manifest Destiny. The key to the nation’s greatness is in the development of the west.
The West of the U.S. was populated by Mexico, Great Britain, and Native American Tribes

8. Cotton production
Cotton cultivation was a source of conflict (racial, sectional, and between social classes) before the Civil War, and after the war, cotton fields and factories caused debate over the extent to which the federal government could change society and economy.

9. Historical Background continued…
U.S. government wanted to claim Mexico’s land for some say… “racial superiority, liberty, and democracy”
Congress was divided in opinion just as other groups: soldiers, workingmen, poets, writers, clergymen, churches, etc.
Also, the American annexation of Texas Republic in 1845 caused Mexican troops to attack American forces
Once Polk claimed Mexico as the aggressors the Mexican-American war began
Series of defeats by Mexico
1848 = Mexico ceded areas of Texas, California, current day Arizona, Utah, Colorado, and Nevada to U.S. U.S. paid Mexico 18 million.
Gold Rush in N. California

10. Annexation of Texas

11. What have you learned?
Write 3-5 facts that represent something you learned about Westward Expansion in American history.

12. Adverbial phrases During __________, America was __________.
Often _________ was ___________________.
Mostly, the mid-1800’s in America was _____________________________________.

13. Journal
What does the saying, “Don’t judge a book by its cover,” mean to you?
-OR-
How is the U.S. of the mid-1800’s similar to the U.S. of today?

14. Reading Goal of the Week
Read pages (Ch ) by Thursday 3/14.
3rd Literary Circle discussion will be Friday 3/15.
Decide how your group will read:
Independently/silently
In pairs, low-volume out loud
As a group, low-volume out loud

15. Review of Classwork
One assignment that is on-going is the ______________, which is _______________.
An important piece of information to remember is __________________________.
One expectation during this novel study is to _____________________________________.

16. Working Warm-up Open to the Vocabulary section in the pink packet.
Make progress.
Goal=to get to the word skirmish
Example:
Word/page #
Context (passage or sentence in which it is used)
Definition
Paraphrase It
cigarillo/p. 7
…quickly lit her cigarillo…
a little cigar
cigarette

17. cigarillo

18. gringo

19. fifty leagues

20. mayordomo

21. vaquero

22. cordovan

23. adobe

24. stronghold

25. chaparral

26. elude

27. varas

28. singlet

29. galleon

30. scurvy

31. riata

32. gelding

33. aguardiente

34. muslin

35. parasol

36. furioso

37. trestles

38. carreta

39. decrepit

40. verdad

41. alcalde

42. zanja

43. pasotrote

44. quirt

45. taunt

46. lance

47. bombazine

48. caballero

49. rouse

50. dastardly

51. errant

52. rash act

53. You are an amazing lancer, Carlota.
plaudits
You are an amazing lancer, Carlota.

54. bridles

55. pommel

56. tether

57. ravine

58. ruse

59. travois

60. skirmish

61. winced

62. forlorn

63. relented

64. sulkily

65. beseech

66. gaunt

67. valise

68. Working Warm-up
Continue studying Greek and Latin Roots List #9 by making flashcards or a notes chart. TEST=TH. 3/21

69. Teach a Classmate
______________ means _________________. A real-world word is ____________________. This words connects back to the meaning of ___________ because ___________________.

70. What’s a Real-World Word?
Meta=change

71. Roots Pictionary
TACT

72. Exit Ticket I learned that ___________________________.
The English language evolved from __________
_______________________________________.
Interestingly, our language stems from _______
__________________, which is ______________.
French & Latin Vikings
Old English Anglo-Saxons
Simple Britain
Plain Germanic
sophisticated Romans
class
aristocracy
peasants

73. Journal
Is it right or wrong to conquer a country?

74. MYP Connections
EQ: What are the consequences, or lasting effects, of a book’s theme? Why and how do humans discriminate? ATL’s: Communication & Collaboration AOI’s: Community & Service – How do we live in relationship to each other? LP: Communicators, risk-takers, principled

75. What do you know so far?
Tell your partner what you know about the story so far:
-I know that ____________________________.
-A new character I’ve met is ____________, and he/she is ______________________________.
-Right now in the story ___________________.

76. Chapter 1 - Comprehension
____________ is the main character who lives in _____________ with her grandmother, ____________, and father, ______________.
Carlota could be described as ____________ and ____________ because ______________.
An interesting fact about the historical period in which the story is set is _______________.
*The end-of-novel comprehension test will be all of the review questions compiled. Continue to participate daily in the exit tickets/comprehension and you will do well!

77. Characterize using specific words
Nouns
Adjectives
Verbs
forest
white (person)
hide
woods
American
avoid
chaparral
gringo
elude
Example
Carlota is nice obedient when she decides not to speak up to her father about riding.
Your Turn!
___________ is ____________ when _________________________________. (simple)
___________ demonstrates _________ by ____________________________. (sufficient)
___________ is characterized by ___________ because __________________. (sophisticated)
Focusing on adjectives, this activity lends itself easily to a mini-lesson about the gradations of word choice in the English language. The chart comes from the pink section in the ELD binder: Vocabulary Matrix.
I’ve selected words that relate to Carlota, by Scott O’Dell. Using the Adjective Builder chart, students gain practice in building their word choice from simple to sophisticated particularly when characterizing.

78. Tasks to Know About…
During the reading of the novel, Carlota we will complete the following tasks:
Regular comprehension checks, which include vocabulary from the book
Ongoing character and vocabulary log
Ongoing discussions of relevant topics related to the story
Literary Circle discussions
A final project/essay (book recommendation)

79. How do I make up the reading?
Since you cannot take the books from this room, you will either need to come in before or after school to read the pages you missed.
There are also a variety of online resources through smart phones and the internet:

80. Chapter 2 - Comprehension
An important event is coming up between Carlota’s sister, ___________, and __________.
Dona Dolores’s opinion of Carlota is _____________________________.
An example of external conflict is between ______________ and ___________ because _____________________________.

81. Literary Circles Will occur every Friday They will last 14 minutes
Your roles will rotate each week
Do your job well and the group does well

82. Working Warm-up You have 15 minutes to do the following:
Complete reading pages 1-44
Complete Literature Circle role page in green packet
If you are prepared for literature circles, make progress in the pink packet!

83. Do this NOW!
Complete Literature Circle role page in green packet. You will have 5 minutes to meet with like-role classmates.

84. Meet as like-roles
Exchange ideas
Ask for help
Complete your page

85. Literature Circle Discussion Fillers
A. Do you know anyone like Carlota? How is he/she similar? B. What is your opinion of arranged marriages? C. What is your favorite traditional food and how is it prepared? D. Does your family own anything that is really old? What is the oldest family heirloom (item) that you have? E. Have you ever been made fun of for being good at something that is like the opposite gender? How did it make you feel?

86. Chapter 3 & 4 Comprehension
Some of Carlota’s responsibilities on the Ranch of the Two Brothers are ____________ _____________________________________.
Don Saturnino owns a pet __________, which could be a symbol of ______________.
The secret place that Carlota and her father go is known as _____________. It could be described as __________ and __________.
supervise the servants and manage the buildings

87. Chapter 5 Comprehension
The way Carlota gets gold is by ___________.
While diving for gold, Carlota carries a _______ to protect herself from ___________.
Don Saturnino wants to _________________ in the next year.
Diving at Blue Beach
knife
Burro clams
Find Carlota a suitor

88. Burro Clam

89. Information About Giant Clams
Largest bivalve mollusk
Lives up to 100 years
Not aggressive, but can clamp down on a person although slowly
Endangered due to high value as a delicacy food such as in Japan

90. Chapter 6 & 7 Comprehension
One event that took place at the wedding of Yris and Don Roberto was _______________.
The wedding could be described as ________ because ____________________________.
Carlota participated in the ______________ and tried to ___________________________ which would make her father happy.
*Reminder: The end-of-novel comprehension test will be all of the review questions compiled. Continue to participate daily in the exit tickets/comprehension and you will do well!
The horse race
formal
The guests were dressed up
The horse race
Beat the men

91. A Spanish Ranch

92. Yris

93. Chapter 8 & 9 Comprehension
Carlota was happy that she ______________, which was a close call.
Carlota meets a new man named, _________. He could be described as _______ and _______.
Another tradition that took place at Yris’s wedding was _______________________.
Won the horse race
Don Manuel
handsome
rich
The throwing of cascarones

94. La Bamba
The traditional "La Bamba" is often played during weddings in Veracruz, where the bride and groom perform the accompanying dance. Today this wedding tradition is not done as frequently as in the past, but the dance is still popular, perhaps through the popularity of ballet folklórico. The dance is performed displaying the newly-wed couple's unity through the performance of complicated, delicate steps in unison as well as through creation of a bow from a listón, a long red ribbon, using only their feet.

95. About Cascarones
Cascarones are Colorful Mexican confetti eggs. It's believed that Marco Polo brought these confetti filled eggs from Asia and eventually made it to Spain, and then Mexico, where they became known as "Cascarones" (history below) Today many say that the colorful confetti shower brings luck and good fortune to those to whom an egg is broken over their head.

96. Carlota Pictionary
singlet

97. Chapter 10 & 11 Comprehension
Indians are near (without women)
Don Saturnino hears a rumor that _________.
After moving everyone on the ranch to the ________ side, it turned out that _________.
Carlota shows her skill and bravery when she __________ a gringo.
The indians were a group of six gringos
west
lassoes

98. Chapter 12 & 13 Comprehension
Dona Delores thinks Don Manuel came back to the ranch to ______________, but he ends up _______________________________.
A _________ comes to the ranch when Don Saturnino is away. Carlota realizes that __________________________________.
Don Saturnino prepares to _____________.
court Carlota
leaving abruptly
gringo, Kit Carson
not all gringos are bad
battle the gringos

99. Describe, Justify, Build, Agree/Disagree
-I think ___________ could be described as __________________________.
-_________________ is __________________ and ____________________.
-I would characterize _________ as _________, ___________, and _________. B
-On page _____, it states that _______________________________________.
-In this paragraph, it says __________________________________________.
-According to ___________, she/he thinks that ________________________.
-Another idea/example/reason is ___________________________________.
-I’d like to add something. I would say that ___________________________.
-Even though ________________________, I would say that _____________.
(Agree)
-I agree because _________________________________________________.
-That makes sense because ________________________________________.
(Disagree)
-I disagree because _______________________________________________.
-That’s not how I see it. I think ______________________________________.
Guided conversation. Elbows partners assign Partner A and B. Partner A begins by choosing a sentence frame and saying it, then claps twice to indicate he/she is done speaking. Partner B continues… Claps twice when finished. Continue until finished. Switch roles. Writing task as exit ticket… summarize your conversation.

100. Summarize (exit ticket)
Write a short summary of your conversation:
Which character did you talk about?
How did you describe the character?
What was your evidence?
Did your partner add to your ideas, or agree/disagree with you?
In summary, my partner and I talked about how _______________ is ______________________. The evidence we used was when ____________ and __________________.
We agreed in that/We disagreed in that ______________________.
Overall, _______________.

101. Cherimoya and Branding

102. More about Mexican-American War
It was fought mostly in Mexico and Texas.
Any fighting that took place in California was more of a series of minor skirmishes.
Those who had come to California from Spain, were divided in their loyalties. Some wanted the U.S. to win, some hated the gringos and wanted Mexico to win. Others didn’t care as long as they could live their lives well.

104. Weapons in Mexican-American War
A cannon
A lance
A musket
Flintlock=Flint hammer strikes steel and creates a spark which ignites the gun powder and propels the ball or bullet
Salt peter=potassium nitrate. If put with sulfur and charcoal=Black gun powder (discovered in China and moved to Europe)
A rifle

105. Chps. 14 & 15 - Comprehension
Don Saturnino hears news from a sheepherder that ________________ were seen on a trail in the Oriflame Mountains.
Don Saturnino encourages Carlota to ______
______________ because _________________.
There were _____ Americans against _____ rancheros and vaqueros.
horsemen with rifles
join the battle
she is a strong lancer
110 33

106. Reading Goal of the Week
Read pages (Ch – THE END!) by Wednesday 3/20.
After finishing the book:
Check that you have a minimum of 3 out of 5 pages completed in the green packet. Extra credit for completing more. No more lit. discussions. Due Thursday.
Check that you have completed the pink packet. Due Thursday.
Study root words list #9. Test is Thursday.

107. Run or charge and retreat
Chps – Comprehension
When Carlota’s people combine to form one “army” the person in charge becomes _____________.
Don Andres strategizes by telling Carlota to take ____ horses away into hiding.
A strategy the Californians use against the Gringos is _________________________.
Carlota realizes that there was a ________, and the gringos weren’t trying to be aggressive.
Carlota injures a ________, and takes him back to the ranch with _________, who is also injured from the battle.
Andres Pico 7
Run or charge and retreat
misunderstanding
A gringo
Don Saturnino

108. Chps – Comprehension
A reader could infer that Don Saturnino died of ____________ because _____________.
Carlota probably feels ________ about taking the gringo back to the ranch because __________________________________.
A reader could infer that the gringo soldier felt __________ toward Carlota because _______.
Carlota was helping a gringo to heal from his battle wounds
stress
guilty
it angered Don Saturnino
he began to have feelings
she was caring for him

109. Chps – Comprehension
After Carlota’s father dies, the responsibilities of the ranch go to _______.
One way she helps the family get money during the drought is _________________.
Carlota has conflict with the store owner, _____________, who wanted to buy part of the ranch.
Carlota frees _________ and ________, which symbolizes _________________________.
Carlota
diving for the rest of the gold at Blue Beach
Mr. Thomas
The eagle
Rosario
freedom within Carlota, to make her own decisions

110. Informal Speaking Task (Starting on TH. 5/10/12)
While reading the novel, Carlota, by Scott O’Dell, I learned about 50 new vocabulary words.
One word was _______. It was used as in ___________. According to the dictionary it means ______________. In my own words, ________ means ________.
Another word was _________. It was used as in ___________. According to the dictionary it means ______________. In my own words, ________ means ________.
Learning the vocabulary helped me understand the story better.
*Advanced option: add another word or another relevant idea to the content, and/or memorize it.

111. Short Answer Example
I believe that humans discriminate when they are not familiar with someone, which can lead to fear. It may be that people make pre-judgements about others and do not take the time to really get to know someone to find out that those pre-judgements were wrong. Some experiences that might stop discrimination are having many conversations with someone in a personable way to see that he or she has many things in common with you, or spending time in an unfamiliar culture to learn new cultural norms. In the novel, Carlota, Carlota has a couple run-ins with gringos where the gringos treat her with respect. For example, after leaving the ranch store one gringo told Carlota, “Vaya con dios,” which is a polite phrase. In conclusion, many small experiences can really add up in helping to stop discrimination amongst humans.

112. 5/9/12
Find your new seat.
Be prepared with any notes/resources to use on the final comprehension test about the novel, Carlota.

113. Carlota wrap-up & make up work 5/10/12
Literary Circle Packet: 3 pages complete
Comprehension Test: scantron and short answer
Character & Vocabulary Charts: 2 full pages for full credit
Informal Speaking Task (starting today)
*If all of this is done and turned in, work to update your roots notes for the rest of list #9. The next test will be about graph-topo.