1. Introduction to Physical Science
Mrs. Stratton
Pre-Assessment
Build a Scale
Graphing
Lab Introduction
Using Grad. Cyl.
Scientific Method
Uncert, of Meas.
Metric Research
Bubble Lab
Metric System
Prefix / Suffix

2. Pre-Assessment Convert the following measurements: 25 m = _____ cm
MAIN
Pre-Assessment
Convert the following measurements:
25 m = _____ cm
20 ml = _____ L
5 kg = _____ mg
10 mm= _____ m
Fill in the blanks with the appropriate word:
A(n) ____ is the equipment in the lab used to find mass.
A(n)____ is a proposed solution to a scientific problem.
A(n)____ is the factor being tested in an experiment.
The ____axis on a graph represents the dependant variable.

3. Lab Safety 1. Safety goggles 2. Shoes
3. Conduct only assigned experiments
4. eyewash
5. emergency shower,
6. No gum, food, drink
7. Wash your hands . . .

4. Lab Safety 8. Read all of the directions
9. Notify your teacher about spills or breakage
10. Report all accidents
11. Pin or tie back long hair
12. Add acids to water
13. Test tube mouth away from people when heating.
14. Leave you work area clean

5. Common Lab Tools - Glassware
BEAKER
TEST TUBE
GRADUATED CYLINDER
FLASK

6. Common Lab Tools 3-BEAM BALANCE ELECTRONIC BALANCE BUNSEN BURNER
HOT PLATE

7. Scientific Method A. Terminology
Observation
Inference
Question
Hypothesis
Prediction
Test

8. Scientific Method B. Example
observation
question
hypothesis
prediction
test

9. Scientific Method C. Theory vs. Law

10. Scientific Method D. Variables and Experiments
MAIN
Scientific Method D. Variables and Experiments
Variable
Dependant variable
Independent variable
Control
Data
Qualitative
Quantitative

11. Bubbles Inquiry Lab Adapted from Section 1
Bubbles Inquiry Lab Adapted from Section 1.3 Mini-lab: Addison-Wesley Chemistry, 2003.
Hypothesis:
Bubble making can be affected by adding chemicals to a bubble blowing mixture.
Prediction:

12. Bubbles Inquiry Lab Procedure:
Write a procedure that will allow you to test the hypothesis. Be sure to have replicates of your experimental design (example, use five cups for each treatment). Procedures should be given to the teacher for critique and changed if needed.
Possible Materials:
plastic cups, graduated cylinders, measuring scoops, water, de-chlorinated water, dish detergent, sugar, salt, vinegar, oil, straws, spoons

13. Bubbles Inquiry Lab Observations:
Make a Table in which to record your observations. Every groups table will be different because it depends on your procedure.

14. Bubbles Lab Conclusions:
MAIN
Bubbles Lab
Conclusions:
Did you observe any differences in your containers?
Propose a more specific hypothesis based on bubble making and design an experiment to test your hypothesis. For this experiment, find a way to collect quantitative data.
Turn procedures in to the teacher then make changes as needed.

15. Graphing Rules 2 types of graphs:
MAIN
Graphing Rules
2 types of graphs:
line graphs: continuous data
bar graphs: non-continuous data
Graphs have a horizontal axis (X)-independent variable
Graphs have a vertical axis (Y) - dependant variable
Clearly label both axes
Mark off units for each axis and list units
Title the graph at the top (describe the subject of the graph)
If you plot more than one line on the graph, use distinctive marks or color to identify each line and add a legend
Graphing Practice
Graphing Review

16. Graphing Practice What is the mass of 10 mL of liquid A?
What is the Volume of 10 g of Liquid A?

17. MAIN
Graphing Practice
Which liquid has the greatest mass for 10 mL of volume?
Which of the liquids has a density of 1 g per 1 mL?

18. Graphing Review 1-7 Review and Reinforcement
Graphing Review 1-7 Review and Reinforcement © Prentice Hall: Physical Science 1991
Temperature (C)
time heated
(seconds)
water
ethyl alcohol
19.0 30
19.2 60
19.5 90
20.0
120
20.5
21.5
150
21.0
22.5
On a sheet of graph paper, plot the data in the following table. Make sure to label the axes. You should have a line for each liquid..

19. Use the graph to answer each of the following questions.
Graphing Review
Use the graph to answer each of the following questions.
Which variable, time or temperature, is the independent variable on this graph? Explain.
At time 35 s, what is the temperature of (a) the water and (b) the ethyl alcohol?
How long must the water be heated to raise its temperature to (a) 19.3°C? to (b) 20.0°C?

20. Graphing Review (cont)
MAIN
Graphing Review (cont)
Use the graph to answer each of the following questions.
If the water and the alcohol continue to be heated simultaneously, will they ever reach the same temperature?' Explain your answer in terms of the trend you see on the graph.
Does the temperature of the ethyl alcohol increase at a steady rate as it is heated? Use examples from the graph.

21. Uncertainty of Measuring Techniques
Prediction:
Materials:
Station 1: meter stick
Station 2: metric ruler, regular object
Station 3: graduated cylinder, beaker with liquid
Station 4: balance, small pebble
Station 5: graduated cylinder, beaker of water,
irregular object
Station 6: thermometer, beaker with ice and water,
paper towel

22. Uncertainty of Measuring Techniques
Observations:
Record your measurements in table form. Put class data on the board.
Station 1 2 3 4 5 6
Measurement

23. Uncertainty of Measuring Techniques
MAIN
Uncertainty of Measuring Techniques
Conclusions:
Do all the class measurements have the same value for each station? Why?
Which station had the most similar measurements? Why were they so similar?
Which station had the most varied measurements? Why were they so different?

24. Scientific Measurement
Metric System
length
volume
mass
Conversions
milli-
centi-
deci-
kilo-

25. Scientific Measurement
Practice:
0.5 meters = cm
800 millimeters = cm
50 milligrams = g
2 liters = ml

26. 25 m = ____ cm 25 m = ____ km 15 cm = ____ mm 15 cm = ____ dm
METRIC CONVERSIONS
25 m = ____ cm
25 m = ____ km
15 cm = ____ mm
15 cm = ____ dm

27. 25 m = ____ cm 25 m = ____ km 15 cm = ____ mm 15 cm = ____ dm 2500 cm
METRIC CONVERSIONS
25 m = ____ cm
25 m = ____ km
15 cm = ____ mm
15 cm = ____ dm
2500 cm
0.025 km
150 mm
0.015 dm

28. Scientific Measurement - Assignment
Ancient units of measurement
Find five ancient units of measurement and give their modern equivalents
List sources

29. Homework 100 m = _____ km 100 m = _____ mm 5 km = ______ m
MAIN
Homework
100 m = _____ km
100 m = _____ mm
5 km = ______ m
5 km = ______ cm
8 dm = ______ km
40 mm = _____ cm
2000 cm = ____ m

30. Homework 100 m = _____ km 0.1 km 100 m = _____ mm 100,000 mm
MAIN
Homework
100 m = _____ km
100 m = _____ mm
5 km = ______ m
5 km = ______ cm
8 dm = ______ km
40 mm = _____ cm
2000 cm = ____ m
0.1 km
100,000 mm
5,000 m
500,000 cm
0.08 km
4 cm
20 m

31. Build a Scale MEASUREMENT OF MASS

32. CHALLENGE
to build a spring balance to find the unknown mass of an object.

33. Materials 3 ounce paper cup, four paper clips
large elastic rubber band
metric ruler
2 metal washers,
toothpick

34. Procedure
Write a procedure to complete the challenge. Turn in procedure to your teacher and make changes as needed.
Design a results table for the data you will collect.
Graph your data.

35. Conclusion Mass (in pennies) of Unknown Object A
MAIN
Conclusion
Mass (in pennies) of Unknown Object A
Mass (in pennies) of Unknown Object B

36. Measuring Liquid Volume with the Graduated Cylinder
Prediction:
Materials:
red, blue, and yellow water
test tube stand
water
50-ml graduated cylinder
3 small beakers
6 test tubes

37. Measuring Liquid Volume with the Graduated Cylinder
Procedure:
Design a procedure as you use the materials given to make six test tubes with colors in the following order: Blue, Green, Yellow, Orange, Red, Purple. Each tube should contain the exact same amount of liquid.
As you make your colors, record exact measurements so another group can replicate your results.
The teacher will photograph your results.

38. Measuring Liquid Volume with the Graduated Cylinder
Procedure (cont):
Trade procedures with another group, follow their procedure and have the teacher photograph your tubes when you finish.
Compare the pictures from your procedure when you followed it and when another group followed it..

39. Measuring Liquid Volume with the Graduated Cylinder
MAIN
Measuring Liquid Volume with the Graduated Cylinder
Observations:
Describe differences and similarities between the two sets.
Conclusion:
Give possible reasons for any discrepancies and list ways to improve your procedure writing to make replication work better.

40. METRIC RESEARCH
Instructions: Use the internet or other reference material to find the following measurements. List your sources.
Length of a football field in meters
Length of the Golden Gate Bridge in meters
Distance to the sun in kilometers
Distance light travels in one year, which is called a light-year, in kilometers

41. METRIC RESEARCH (cont)
MAIN
METRIC RESEARCH (cont)
Average mass of a mouse in grams
Mass of Wright brothers’ plane in kilograms
Hottest Temperature ever recorded on the earth in degrees Celsius
Coldest Temperature ever recorded on the earth in degrees Celsius

42. Complete these Measurements in centimeters
Your height
Your arm length
Book height
Desk top length
Desk top width
Construct a table for these measurements

43. Measurement Table mm cm m Km
Height
Arm
Book
Desk L
Desk W

44. Prefixes / Suffixes Adapted from Prentice Hall Chap 1 Activity
Meaning
Anti-
Against
Atmo-
Vapor
Chromo-
Color
Con-
Together
Di-
Double
Endo-
Within
Exo-
Outside
Hetero-
Different
Homo-
Same
Hydro-
Water
Select three science words that have a prefix listed on the chart

45. Prefixes / Suffixes Adapted from Prentice Hall Chap 1 Activity
Meaning
In-
Inside
Inter-
Between
Iso-
Equal
Macro-
Large
Micro-
Small
Photo-
Light
Sub-
Under
Syn-
Together
Tele-
Distant
Trans-
Across
Select three more science words that have a prefix listed on this chart

46. Prefixes / Suffixes Adapted from Prentice Hall Chap 1 Activity
Meaning
-ation
The act of
-escent
Becoming
-graphy
Description of
-logy
Study of
-meter
Device for measuring
-scope
Instrument for seeing
-sphere
Round
-stasis
Stationary condition
-therm
Heat
-verge
Turn
Select three science words that have a suffix listed on this chart

47. Prefixes / Suffixes Adapted from Prentice Hall Chap 1 Activity
MAIN
Prefixes / Suffixes Adapted from Prentice Hall Chap 1 Activity
Write a paragraph using the nine words you have chosen. Be prepared to read your paragraph aloud.