1. Consumer Credit
Chapter 4

2. Live within your income, even if you have to borrow money to do so
Live within your income, even if you have to borrow money to do so Josh Billings

3. The use of credit cards:
There are almost a billion MasterCard and Visa credit and debit cards in the United States.
In 2006, Visa cardholders made more than $1,000,000,000,000 in purchases
Today’s consumer owes money, on average, to 13 different lending institutions.
More than half of the United States population has at least 2 credit cards.

4. What do you need to know before using credit?

5. 2 ways to make a purchase:
Buy now, pay now
Buy now, pay later
Anytime you purhcase something that you do not pay for immediately, you are using credit.
How is using electricity a form of credit?
What other daily activities can be considered credit?

6. Buy now, pay later
Any time you purchase something that you do not pay for immediately
- Credit
People who use credit
- Debtors
Organizations or people that extend credit to consumers
- Creditors

7. What are the advantages and disadvantages of using credit?
Why does using credit tempt overspending?

8. Installment Plans
The customer pays for the merchandise over a period of time.
The customer pays part of the selling price at the time of purchase (down payment)
The rest of the selling price is paid in monthly installments.
Customers are also charged interest, also known as a finance charge

9. Heather wants to purchase an electric guitar
Heather wants to purchase an electric guitar. The price of the guitar with tax is $2,240. If she can save $90 per month, how long will it take her to save up for the guitar?
Is Heather using credit?
Divide selling price by monthly savings
→ 25 months

10. Heather speaks to a salesperson who suggests she buy the guitar on an installment plan. It requires a 15% down payment. The remainder, plus an additional finance charge, is paid back on a monthly basis for the next two years. The monthly payment is $ What is the finance charge?
Down payment of 15% of selling price
How do you find 15% of $2,240
= (0.15) x (2,240)
= $336

11. Price = $2,240; Down payment = $336
Makes a monthly payment of $88.75 for 2 years
(24 months) x (88.75)
How much did she pay for the guitar?
What was the finance charge?
= $2,130
$2,130
+ $336
= $2,466
$2,466 - $2,240
= $226

12. Class Work
Page 178, 2-6

13. Consumer Credit
Chapter 4

14. He that goes a borrowing goes a sorrowing.
Benjamin Franklin

15. What is:
Credit?
Finance Charge?
Creditor?
Debtor?

16. Carpet King is trying to increase sales, and it has instituted an installment plan with no interest, as long as the total is paid in full within six months. There is a $20 minimum monthly payment required. If you buy a carpet for $2,134 and make only the minimum payments for five months, how much will you have to pay in the sixth month?
→ $20 a month for 5 months
= $100
→ You will need to pay $2,034 in the sixth month

17. 2. Monique buys a $4,700 air conditioning system using an installment plan that requires 15% down. How much is the down payment?
→ What is 15% of $4,700?
= (0.15) x (4,700)
= $705
How much will Monique have left to pay?
= 4,
= $3,995

18. 3. Craig wants to purchase a boat that costs $1,420
3. Craig wants to purchase a boat that costs $1,420. He signs an installment agreement requiring a 20% down payment. He currently has $250 saved. Does he have enough?
→ What is 20% of $1,420?
= (0.20) x (1,420)
= $284
Does he have enough?
Nope

19. 4. Jean bought a $1,980 snow thrower on the installment plan
4. Jean bought a $1,980 snow thrower on the installment plan. The agreement included a 10% down payment and 18 monthly payments of $116 each.
a) How much is the down payment?
= (0.10) x (1,980)
= $198
b) What is the total amount of the monthly payments?
= ($116) x (18 months)
= $2,088
c) How much did Jean pay for the snow thrower?
= $198 + $2,088
= $2,286

20. 5. Linda bought a washer and dryer for y dollars
5. Linda bought a washer and dryer for y dollars. She signed an installment agreement requiring a 15% down payment and monthly payment of x dollars for one year.
a) How much is the down payment?
= (0.15) (y)
= 0.15y
b) How many monthly payments? 12
c) What is the total amount of monthly payments?
= (12) (x)
= 12x
c) How much did Linda pay for the washer & dryer?
= 0.15y
+ 12x

21. 5. How much is the finance charge?
= Amount paid – price of purchase
= 0.15y + 12x
- y

22. 6. Zeke bought a $2,300 bobsled on the installment plan
6. Zeke bought a $2,300 bobsled on the installment plan. He made a $450 down payment, and he has to make monthly payments of $93.50 for the next two years. How much interest will he pay?
Down Payment:
$450
Monthly payment amount:
(93.50) (24)
= $2,244
Total amount paid:
$450 + $2,244
= $2,694
Interest:
$2,694 - $2,300
= $394

23. The Whittendale family purchases a new refrigerator on a no-interest-for-one-year plan. The cost is $1,385. There is no down payment. If they make a monthly payment of x dollars until the last month, express their last month’s payment algebraically.
Down Payment: $0
Monthly payment amount:
(11) (x)
= 11x
Total amount paid:
11x
Last Payment:
$1,385 – 11x

24. Try this:
You purchase a guitar that costs “p” dollars. You make a 20% down payment for a one-year installment plan and pay “w” dollars per month. Express your finance charge algebraically.
Down Payment:
0.2p
Monthly payment amount:
(12) (w)
= 12w
Total amount paid:
0.2p + 12w
Finance Charge:
0.2p + 12w - p

25. Page 178, 7 – 11, skip part e in number 11
Class Work
Page 178, 7 – 11, skip part e in number 11

26. 7. Gary is buying a $1,250 computer on the installment plan
7. Gary is buying a $1,250 computer on the installment plan. He makes a down payment of $150. He has to make monthly payments of $48.25 for 2 ½ years. What is the finance charge?
Down Payment:
$150
Monthly payment amount:
(48.25) (30)
= $1,447.50
Total amount paid:
$1,597.50
Last Payment:
$1, $1,250
= $347.50

27. 8. Mazzeo’s Appliance Store requires a down payment of 1/3 on all installment purchases. Norton’s Depot requires a 30% down payment on installment purchases. Which store’s down payment rate is lower?
Mazzeo’s
1/3 down payment =
33.33%
Norton’s Depot =
30%
Norton’s Depot is lower

28. 9. Ari purchased a microwave oven on the installment plan for m dollars. He made a 20% down payment and agreed to pay x dollars per month for the two years. Find the finance charge
down payment =
20% of m
= 0.2m
Monthly payments:
x dollars for 2 years
= 24x
Finance Charge:
Paying Prince – Selling price
= 24x
+ 0.2m
- m

29. 10. Adam bought a $1,670 video game system for no-interest
10. Adam bought a $1,670 video game system for no-interest. He made $100 down payment and agreed to pay off the entire purchase in 1 ½ years. The minimum payment is $10. If he pays the minimum up until the last month, what will his last payment be?
down payment =
$100
Monthly payments:
($10) (17)
= $170
Total Paid:
$100 + $170
= $270
Last Payment:
$1,670 - $270
= $1,400

30. Open the following spreadsheet:
4.1 homework problem 11

31. Consumer Credit
Credit Rating

32. Credit Rating:
Remember that credit is a promise to repay all the borrowed money
This means that credit is based on honesty
Your honesty is determined by your credit rating
Better rating → Lower finance charges

33. Credit Rating: Your credit rating is based on 3 things: Total Assets
Everything you own
Earning Power
Your ability to make money now and in the future
Credit History
Your previous credit record

34. Credit Score: Most popular score is the FICO Score
Credit score ranges from 300 to 850
Higher the score, better the credit rating
Better the credit rating, less risky it is to lend you money
Less risk → Lower interest rate

35. FICO Score: checked when you apply for: Mortgage Car Loan Credit Card
Rental Apartment
Even Prospective Employer
3 Major Credit Bureaus:
Experian, Transunion, and Equifax

36. FICO History: Originally only contained negative information
Fair Credit Act of 1971
Positive information is added
You gain the right to see your credit score
1989 – FICO score is adapted

37. FICO Significance: You are judged by a number
300 – extremely risky borrower
850 – Perfect borrower
Low rating can determine whether you get a loan, apartment, or even job
Nobody can check your credit report without your permission

38. FICO Effects:
Credit rating of 650 and lower, you may still get a loan, but much higher interest rate
- Can mean hundreds of dollars more
- May also need larger down payment
Landlords also check credit rating before renting
Employers also check credit rating
- Want to know how disciplined you are

39. FICO Prevention/Solutions:
To keep your credit rating high:
- Pay all your bills on time
- If you pay a bill late, pay it before it reaches the 30 day mark.
- Limit the number of times you apply for credit and credit cards
- Never let any bills go to collections
You can check your credit report for free once a year from each of the 3 bureaus

40. Your grandfather is debt-free – he bought his car and his house without taking out a loan. He saved and paid cash. He wanted to take out a loan to buy you a car for college graduation. The bank turned him down when he applied for credit. Why would this happen?

41. The following inequalities give information on your credit score, with x being your score:
If x > 700, your credit score is excellent
If 680 < x < 700, your credit score is good
If 620 < x < 680, your credit score should be watched carefully
If 580 < x < 620, your credit score is low
If x < 580, your credit score is poor
If you have a low credit score, but receive 40 points for paying off some debt, is it possible your credit moves to good?

42. Class Work
Page 178,