1. Plant Cells

2. FLASHBACK Are plants eukaryotic or prokaryotic?
What does eukaryotic mean?

3. Parts of a Plant Cell cell wall cell membrane Golgi vesicles
Golgi apparatus
ribosome
chloroplast
smooth ER
nucleolus
vacuole membrane
nucleus
rough ER
raphide crystal
druse crystal
Large central vacuole
amyloplast
mitochondrion
cytoplasm

4. Cell Wall Surrounds the plasma membrane 3 layers Middle Lamella
Primary Wall
Secondary Wall

5. Middle Lamella 1st layer formed Outer wall of the cell
Shared by adjacent cells and cements them together

6. Primary Cell Wall INDSIDE middle lamella
Rigid skeleton of cellulose microfibrils in a gel-like matrix of pectic and cellulose compounds.
Contains everything that is located between plasma membrane and the cuticle

7. Primary Cell Wall Functions
Structural & mechanical support
Maintain cell shape
Resist turgor pressure
Control rate and direction of growth
Carbohydrate storage
Cell-cell interactions

8. Secondary Wall Formed after cell enlargement is completed.
Extremely rigid
Contains lignin- brown phenolic polymer
Present in trees and shrubs

9. Plasmodesmata
Small passages that penetrate all layers of the cell wall
Pathways for transporting cytoplasmic molecules

10. Plasma (cell) Membrane
Phospholipid bilayer
Sandwich model- phospholipid layers sandwiched between protein layers
Embedded glycoproteins
Water permeable
Not permeable to molecules and ions by simple diffusion
Gatekeeper for the cell.

11. Golgi Apparatus Stack of flattened membrane-bound sacs
Storage, modification, and secretion of proteins and lipids
Lipids and proteins can be used within the cell or destined to leave the cell

12. Calcium Oxalate Crystals
Located in the central vacuole
Potentially toxic
Raphide crystals-pointy and needle like
Druse crystals-faceted

13. Mitochondrion Membrane-bound organelle “power house” of the cell
Respiration takes place here.

14. Golgi vesicle Membrane bound Buds from Golgi apparatus
Contain proteins
Fuse with membrane and discharge contents in a process called exocytosis

15. Ribosome Site of protein synthesis
Composed of small sub unit, large sub unit, and central groove.

16. ER Smooth ER Rough ER Membrane bound system of folded sacs
Provides a membrane surface where a variety of complex carbohydrates and lipids, including phospholipids are synthesized
Detoxifies toxic substances
Rough ER
Attached ribosomes

17. Nucleolus
Where rna is synthesized

18. Nucleus
Membrane bound
Where chromatin is stored

19. Large Central Vacuole Large membrane bound sac
Stores water, salts, pigments, and potentially toxic molecules.
Helps maintain rigidity

20. Others Amyloplast- a membrane-bound organelle made of layers of starch
Lysosome- membrane-bound organelle containing hydrolytic (digestive) enzymes
Peroxisome- a membrane-bound organelle that contains specific enzymes imported from cytosol (e.g. catalase)

21. Chloroplast Intro
Membrane bound organelle
Site of photosynthesis

22. GROUPS OF FOUR
CELL CITY
Take 15

23. Endosymbiont Theory Chloroplasts and mitochondria house their own DNA.
It is possible to track lineage through chloroplasts and mitochondria.
Chloroplasts and mitochondria have their own phospholipid membrane.

24. Endosymbiont Theory
Scientists believe that plant and animal cells acquired chloroplasts and mitochondria through the process of symbiogenesis
Symbiogenesis is acquiring cells or dna from other organisms.
In other words: