1. Mary Kate Shannon Bell 5B http://www.holocaustpictures.org/

2. Babi Yar is one of the most well known burial sites of the Holocaust. In one 48 hour period over 33,000 Jewish prisoners were murdered. Victims were forced to remove their clothes and hand over their valuables. They were put in groups of ten and made to move to the edge of the pit, where they were killed by machine gun fire. In July of 1943, the Nazis tried to destroy all evidence of murders that happened at this site. Jewish prisoners were forced to dig up the dead, burn the bodies, and the dig through the ashes for valuables. Babi Yar was a murder site for over 100,000 innocent people. “Babi Yar.” The Holocast. 1997. Print. http://www.deathcamps.org/occupation/byalbum/pic/bigh4 0.jpg A view of Babi Yar.

3. Death marches were the forced marches of Jewish prisoners. These marches took place in the final stage of the war. Thousands of people were marched over long distances, under heavy guard. Those that were injured, sick, or attempted to escape were shot. No food or water was supplied resulting in many deaths along the way. It is estimated that during the last winter the Nazi rule a quarter of a million people were murdered or died on death marches. “Death Marches.” Learning about the Holocaust. 2001. Print. http://www.ushmm.org/wlc/en/article.php?Mo duleId=10005162 Jewish people on a death march.

4. Dehumanization was used by the Nazis to control their Jewish victims. Basic needs were denied including privacy, basic sanitation, and healthy living conditions. Overcrowding was a common condition in the concentration camps. Some camps had barracks with bunk beds in them. There were no windows or heat and few or no bathrooms. One resource stated that 2,100 people were crammed into one barrack that was built to hold 12 soldiers. The average wait time for a shower was five months and clothing was cleaned rarely. Fleas, bed bugs, and lice were common. Saldinger, Anne G. Life in a Nazi concentration camp. San Diego: Lucent Books, 2001. Print. http://norumbega.co.uk/2008/06/02/dehumanizin g-the-enemy/ Millions of people murdered.

5. The Hitler youth was first formed in March or 1922. The group was made up of boys and girls, age 10 or older, who were used to publicize Nazi beliefs. Their motto for girls was: Be faithful, Be pure, Be German. The motto for boys was: Live faithfully, Fight bravely, Die laughing. Adolf Hitler believed that he could spread Nazi propaganda and shape the thinking of young people more easily than adults. Members of the group were expected to be soliders, Police men, and in charge of concentration camps when they got older. Heyes, Eileen. Children of the Swastika. Brookfield: The Millbrook Press, 1993. Print A member of the Hitler Youth. http://www.ushmm.org/propaganda/archive/junior- hitler-youth/

6. There were many medical experiments preformed on Jewish prisoners. Dr. Mengle was one of the most well known men who tortured prisoners. Men, women, and children were experimented on alike. Mass sterilization, vaccines, studies of infections, and consequences of food withdrawal were studied. Many people died of the after effects of these experiments if they survived at all. Hundreds of people were mutilated, murdered, and then dissected. Steinbacher, Sybille. Aushwitz a History. New York: Harper Collins, 2005. Print. Victim of a medical experiment. http://www.ushmm.org/research/doctors/twoa.htm

7. Zyklon-B was a chemical introduced as a form of murder to replace carbon monoxide poisoning. This chemical was manufactured by DEGESEH, and was transported in crystalline form. Zyklon-B’s trade name was hydrogen cyanide. It was originally used to kill lice and rats. Victims lost consciousness in a few seconds and died three to five minutes later. The crystals turned into a deadly gas when combined with the air. “Zyklon-B.” The Holocaust. 1997. Print. http://abcwwii.wordpress.com/the-letters/z-zyklon-b/ Zyklon-B pellets.