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Organized under UNESCO-IHP International Initiative on Water Quality (IIWQ) Hosted by Federal Institute of Hydrology, Germany International Centre for.

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Presentation on theme: "Organized under UNESCO-IHP International Initiative on Water Quality (IIWQ) Hosted by Federal Institute of Hydrology, Germany International Centre for."— Presentation transcript:

1 Organized under UNESCO-IHP International Initiative on Water Quality (IIWQ) Hosted by Federal Institute of Hydrology, Germany International Centre for Water Resources and Global Changes, under the auspices of UNESCO Organized under UNESCO-IHP International Initiative on Water Quality (IIWQ) Hosted by Federal Institute of Hydrology, Germany International Centre for Water Resources and Global Changes, under the auspices of UNESCO © West Burton Waterfalls, (Cauldron Falls), Yorkshire, UK, 2014, Photo by Alan Howe, CC BY-SA 2.0

2 Hazardous Substances Management in Surface Waters of Turkey Republic of Turkey Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs DG Water Management Department of Water Quality Management

3 Hazardous Substances Need to Control in Water Legal Framework Concept of Hazardous Substances Priority Substances Specific Pollutants Approach to Control in Water: Environmental Quality Standards Responsibilities of Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs Studies in Turkey Future Plan Conclusion Outline

4 Chemicals used in the industrial activities Personal care products Pesticides Pharmaceuticals Detergents Metals... PCBs PFOS Triclosan... Arsenic Aluminum Endosulfan Aldrin... Hazardous Substances

5 Toxic Persistent Bio-accumulative Carcinogenic Mutagenic..

6 Toxic effects on aquatic organisms Bioaccumulation in the organisms through food chain Irreversible changes in ecosystem Accumulation on sediments Adverse effects on human health Need to Control in Water Decrease in number of water resources intended to use for human consumption and other uses!!!

7 Legal Framework EU Legislation Directive on Pollution Caused by Certain Dangerous Substances Discharged into the Aquatic Environment of the Community (76/464/EEC) Water Framework Directive (WFD, 2000/60/EC) Environmental Quality Standards Directive (2008/105/EC) Directive Amending Directives 2000/60/EC and 2008/105/EC as Regards Priority Substances in the field of Water Policy (2013/39/EU)

8 Hazardous substances in water resources: Concept of Hazardous Substances Priority substances Specific Pollutants EU Water Framework Directive

9 Priority Substances (PS) Substances posing significant risk for water environment Determined by EU Directives and elaborated on EU level Ultimate aim of reaching “good chemical status” Progressively reducing emissions, discharges and losses Priority Hazardous Substances (PHS) Subset of PS Substances having PBT property Ceasing or phasing out emissions, discharges and losses until 2020 Priority Substances Time Inputs PHS Pollution PS Time EQS

10 Substances posing risk on water resources at national or river basin level due to significant amounts of discharge Determined by Member States themselves on country basis Establishing standards and measures at national and river basin level Ultimate aim of achieving "good ecological status " Specific Pollutants

11 EU WFD: Implementation of environmental quality standards for management of priority substances and specific pollutants! Approach to Control in Water

12 Environmental quality standard (EQS); not discharge standard standard not to be exceeded in receiving bodies derived for priority substances and specific pollutants For the control of acute effects: Maximum allowable standards (MAC- EQS) For the control of chronic effects: Annual average standards (AA-EQS) Environmental Quality Standards

13 To protect benthic species against pollutants (mainly hydrophobic) EQS sediment To protect humans from the effects of foods contaminated with chemicals To protect predators against secondary poisoning risk EQS biota Environmental Quality Standards

14 Calculation Methodology Deterministic Method Probabilistic Method The methodology to be used depends on the number and variety of toxicological data available in the literature.

15 Responsibilities of MoFWA Determination of specific pollutants discharged to water resources Monitoring of specific pollutants and priority substances inland surface waters coastal waters transitional waters Deriving and setting freshwater and saline water EQSs for specific pollutants Making regulations in order to provide the proper implementation of EQSs Designating the program of measures for the substances whose EOSs are exceeded Ultimate aim: Protection and improvement of ecological and chemical quality of water resources

16 Studies in Turkey Legislative actions (Harmonization of EU environmental acquis) Projects on identification of potential pollutants in water resources Revision of legislations (Specific pollutants and EQSs)

17 Legislative Actions in Turkey By-Law on Surface Water Quality Management (No: 28483, Date: 30.11.2012) By-Law on Monitoring of Surface & Ground Waters (No: 28910, Date: 11.02.2014) Harmonization of parts of EU legislation regarding water quality and classification is achieved to a considerable extent.

18 BİKOP (2012-2014) Pollution from point sources in inland surface waters TMKK (2011-2013) KIYITEMA (2012-2014) Pollution from point sources in coastal and transitional waters Pollution from diffuse sources in inland surface, coastal and transitional waters Overview of Projects in Turkey

19 Hazardous substances occurring in surface waters due to industrial and agricultural activities were identified. For point sources, sectorial inventory of hazardous substances was made. Surface waters and effluents of industrial plants were monitored during a 1 year period. National specific pollutants list was constituted. EQS values were derived for specific pollutants. Hazardous Substance Information System (TEMBİS, a web based GIS application) was established. 117 specific pollutants from point sources 133 specific pollutants from diffuse sources TMKK-KIYITEMA-BİKOP Overview of Projects in Turkey

20 Introducing a candidate list Literature survey, related national & international legislation/conventions, questionnaires, chemicals produced or imported more than 1 tone annually Data collection & pre-evaluation Final assessment Chemical databases, EPA EPISUIT Program, ECHA website, EPA ECOTOX etc. Prioritization based on PBT properties; COMMPS, THS etc. Specific Pollutant List Selection of Specific Pollutants

21 Literature survey, regulated chemicals, inventory studies with industrial facilities, questionnaires with farmers Capacity and production reports of industrial plants, annual sale reports of pesticide retailers Registered chemicals (high production volume chemicals) 3300 point sourced and 462 diffuse sourced pollutants

22 COMMPS (Combined Monitoring-Based and Modeling-Based Priority Setting) Physicochemical Properties Ecotoxicological Properties Monitoring Data Total Amount Used and Use Pattern Methodology applied for the identification of first 33 priority substances THS (Total Hazard Score) Physicochemical Properties Ecotoxicological Properties TES (Total Effect Score) Physicochemical Properties Ecotoxicological Properties Selection of Specific Pollutants

23 Use of chemicals in Turkey currently or in the past The type of processes in which the chemicals are used (closed system, potential to be observed in wastewater and reach to water resources etc.) Detection in surface waters during monitoring studies Analytical methods available with sufficiently low levels of LOD and LOQ to monitor the chemicals in surface waters PBT properties of chemicals and prioritization scores Practical applicability of EQS values Final Assessment Considerations: Selection of Specific Pollutants

24 3300 point sourced pollutants 642 diffuse sourced pollutants Risk assessment for chemicals and prioritization, expert judgement 117 point sourced specific pollutants 133 diffuse sourced specific pollutants National Specific Pollutants List Selection of Specific Pollutants

25 Monitoring Studies TMKK Project 119 chemicals 4 monitoring periods 39 pilot plants 19 monitoring points on receiving bodies 119 chemicals 4 monitoring periods 39 pilot plants 19 monitoring points on receiving bodies KIYITEMA Project 138 chemicals 6 monitoring periods 43 pilot plants 42 monitoring points on receiving bodies 138 chemicals 6 monitoring periods 43 pilot plants 42 monitoring points on receiving bodies BİKOP Project 305 chemicals 6 monitoring periods 244 monitoring points on receiving bodies 305 chemicals 6 monitoring periods 244 monitoring points on receiving bodies

26 Sectorial Pollutant Inventory

27 Future Plan Specific pollutants and priority substances will be adapted to national legislation. Detailed monitoring program including the monitoring stations, period and frequency will be prepared for the designated specific pollutants at basin scale. Priority substances and specific pollutants will be monitored in surface waters. Necessary measures will be taken for the polluted areas in collaboration with interested parties. Sectorial profile and crop pattern of river basin districts will be updated according to the new data. Studies on update of specific pollutants list will be initiated.

28 Conclusion Specific pollutants have been identified and environmental quality standards have been derived in line with EU WFD. Necessary measures will be determined and taken in order to achieve "good water status". Research and development studies on removal of these substances from industrial and urban effluents are encouraged by the governmental authorities. Cleaner production and pollution prevention studies are also supported.

29 esiltu@ormansu.gov.tr TR Ministry of Forestry and Water Affairs DG Water Management 1-4 December 2015 Koblenz /GERMANY Teşekkür ederim...

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