1. Fifth Grade
Math Vocabulary

2. Categorical Data
Data with no established arrangement or numerical order. Data that can be put into categories.
For M&Ms, each M&M is
either red, green, blue,
yellow, orange or brown.
Thus, we can classify
each M&M by putting
it in one of each of
these categories.

3. To put shapes together (compose) or to take shapes apart (decompose).
Compose/Decompose
To put shapes together (compose) or to take shapes apart (decompose).
The trapezoid can
be decomposed
into a triangle and
a rectangle, making it
easier to find its area.
The hexagon
is composed
of six triangles.

4. Convex Polygon
A polygon in which all vertices are “pushed outward.” If you connect two non-consecutive vertices, the segment would lie entirely inside the polygon.
Convex
Not Convex

5. are evenly divisible by two.
Divisibility Rules
Rules that determine whether a number is divisible by a certain number.
*All even numbers
are evenly divisible by two.
*If the sum of the digits of a number is divisible by 3, the number is divisible by 3.
*Numbers ending in 5 or 0
are divisible by 5.

6. Edges/Faces A line segment where 2 faces of a
3-dimensional figure meet
face
edge
             
edges
face

7. that two quantities are equal
Equation (Modeling)
A mathematical sentence that shows
that two quantities are equal
To solve an equation,
find a value for the variable that makes the sentence true X
X=2
x = 4
x =
x + 4 = 5
x = 1

8. Exponential Notation
A way to show repeated multiplication by the same factor. A number written with a base and an exponent.
= 64
Exponential
form
Base
Exponent

9. Greatest Common Factor
The largest number that can be divided evenly into each number in a set
Use a Venn Diagram to find the GCF:
Their intersection
is the GCF 2 3 12 18

10. Inverse Operations Addition and subtraction are inverse operations
Operations that undo each other
Addition and subtraction
are inverse operations
(undo adding 3 by subtracting 3)
Multiplication and division
(undo multiplying by 2 by dividing by 2)
To solve an equation:
x + 3 = 5
x + 3 – 3 = 5 – 3
x = 2

11. Least Common Multiple
The smallest number that each number in a set divides into evenly (the smallest multiple of every number in a set)
Use a Venn Diagram to find the LCM:
The union
is the LCM 2 3 12 18

12. Linear Equations/Inequalities
An equation or inequality containing variables of degree one or constants; (no squares, cubes, etc.) such as x + 8 = 12. To solve an equation, find a value for the variable that makes the sentence true.
is a linear inequality
Its solution is

13. One of the measures of central tendency
Mean
One of the measures of central tendency
It is found by adding the numbers in a data set and then dividing by the number of data points
Given six test scores: ,87,78,88,88 and 96
The mean or average is 87 :

14. The unit between thousands and billions
Millions
The unit between thousands and billions
One million is
= hours
in one million
seconds
One million
pennies
9, ,
Nine million,
eight hundred seventy six thousand, five hundred forty three.

15. Millionths
The sixth place value position after the decimal point is the millionths.
One millionth is
one millionth
one hundred-thousandth one ten-thousandth
0.001 one thousandth
0.01 one hundredth
0.1 one tenth
A micron is a
millionth of a meter

16. Mixed Numbers A number that combines both
a whole number and a fraction
Improper Mixed
fraction number

17. Net
Two-dimensional representation for constructing 3-dimensional shapes.
A net for a cylinder. The length of the side of the rectangle is equal to the circumference of the circle.

18. Order of Operations X Do all operations within parentheses (P)
In order to make sure that everyone gets the same answer when simplifying, there is a set of rules to follow:
Do all operations within parentheses (P)
Simplify exponents (E)
From left to right:
do all multiplication
and division (MD)
4. From left to right:
do all addition
and subtraction (AS)
The acronym for this is PEMDAS X
Do the multiplication FIRST !!!

19. Orthogonal/Projective
View
Orthogonal views of an object are from the top, front and sides.
Projective views are picture views.
Orthogonal views of a rectangular prism:
Top: Side: Front:
Projective view:

20. Upper quartile = 93, lower quartile = 64. 10 is an outlier.
Outliers
A number which is far removed from the other numbers in a data set. Technically, they are values that lie more than one and a half times the length of the box in a box-and-whiskers plot from either end of the box.
Upper quartile = 93, lower quartile = is an outlier.

21. Polygon: regular/irregular
A closed plane figure for which all sides are straight line segments
Regular polygons have congruent sides and angles
triangle
hexagon
heptagon
pentagon
square
octagon
Irregular polygons
nonagon
decagon

22. Dodecahedron Icosahedron
Polyhedral Solids
A geometric solid with polygons as faces. The faces intersect at edges and the edges come together at the vertices.
The five special solids having faces which are all congruent regular polygons and the same number of polygons at each vertex are called Platonic solids.
Tetrahedron Cube Octahedron
Dodecahedron Icosahedron

23. Precision of Measurement
The level of detail of a measurement, determined by the unit of measure. Precision depends on the smallest unit of measurement being used.
The number of significant digits in a measurement is an indication of the precision with which the measurement was taken.
A ruler with markings would have greater precision than a ruler with only markings.

24. Prism
A solid with two congruent, parallel faces; its other faces are all parallelograms formed by joining the vertices of the two bases.
Rectangular Prism
Triangular Prism

25. Proper/Improper Fraction
Proper: A fraction
whose numerator
is less than
its denominator
Improper: A fraction whose numerator is greater than or equal to its denominator

26. Significant Digits
Digits that express a quantity to a specified degree of accuracy.
*Non-zero digits are always significant. *Zeros at the end of a decimal and zeros between two non-zero digits are significant. *Zeros at the end of a whole number
*Zeros immediately following a decimal point in front non-zero digits are not significant.
has 4 significant digits has 4 significant digits. 7,957 has 4 significant digits. 79,570 has 4 significant digits.

27. If x = 51, what is the value of the expression:
Substitution Property
A mathematical rule that states that if two quantities are equal one of the quantities can be substituted for the other in any expression.
If x = 51, what is the value of the expression:
x + 99 ?
x = = 150

28. The sums of the areas of the faces of a solid figure.
Surface Area
The sums of the areas of the faces of a solid figure.
The surface area of cm
this solid
(rectangular prism) cm
is the sum of the cm
areas of the six faces:
SA = 2(10) + 2(20) + 2(8) = 76 cubic cm

29. Terminating/Repeating
Decimals
A decimal number that contains a finite number of digits is called terminating.
A decimal number in which one or more of its digits repeat infinitely is called repeating.
Repeating decimals:
Terminating decimals

30. Variable A letter or other symbol that is used to represent a number.
Numbers are called constants since their values do not change.
In the equation x + 15 = 60,
x is the variable,
15 and 60 are constants.