1. A NEW MATERIAL- BISMUTH OXIDE THIN FILMS Linna Du Environmental Engineering

2. Introduction Bismuth oxide (Bi 2 O 3 ) Crystalline structure of Bi 2 O 3

3. The characteristics of Bi 2 O 3 in thin films – A significant band gap, – high refractive index, – dielectric permittivity, – marked photoconductivity – photoluminescence. The crystalline structure of bismuth oxide films is mainly determined by the crystalline structure of the substrate. The crystalline structure of bismuth oxide films strongly depends on the nucleation and growth processes at film–substrate interface

4. Three typical bismuth oxide films with different thicknesses Nanocrystallites of different dimensions and geometric shapes, with the basis laying on the film surface. Thickness increases about three times Thickness increases about ten times

5. Application Industry application – optical coatings, – gas sensor, – microwave integrated circuits. – photovoltaic cells,

6. Cost Worldwide, five companies are presently offering commercial thin-film PV CIGS products: – Wurth Solar (Germany), – Global Solar (USA), – Honda (Japan), – Showa Shell (Japan), – Sulfurcell (Germany) The exactly cost is ?

7. References – Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bismuth_oxide – L. Leontie, Structural and optical characteristics of bismuth oxide thin films, Surface Science 507–510 (2002) 480–485 – R B Patil, R K Puri, Intrinsic stress of bismuth oxide thin films: effect of vapour chopping and air ageing, 2008 J. Phys.: Conf. Ser. 114 – T.P. Gujar, V.R. Shinde, Bismuth oxide thin films prepared by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method: annealing effect, Applied Surface Science, 250 (2005) 161-167