1. Osteomyelitis By: Chloe and Mikala

2. What is Osteomyelitis?  An infection of the bone, a rare but serious condition  Infection in one part of the body may spread through the bloodstream into the bone, or an open fracture or surgery may expose the bone to infection  Is caused by a bacterial infection  An infection of the bone, a rare but serious condition  Infection in one part of the body may spread through the bloodstream into the bone, or an open fracture or surgery may expose the bone to infection  Is caused by a bacterial infection

3. Causes In most cases:  A bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus  A type of staph bacteria  Is an acute inflammatory process within bone, bone marrow, and surrounding soft tissue that develops secondary to infection with bacterial organisms In most cases:  A bacteria called Staphylococcus aureus  A type of staph bacteria  Is an acute inflammatory process within bone, bone marrow, and surrounding soft tissue that develops secondary to infection with bacterial organisms

4. Symptoms  Fever and chills  Nausea  Lost range of motion  Tenderness, redness, and warmth in the area of the infection  Fever and chills  Nausea  Lost range of motion  Tenderness, redness, and warmth in the area of the infection

5. Who Gets It?  2 out of 10,000 people get the infection  Male to female ratio is 2:1  Around 50% of cases of osteomyelitis are in preschool children  1 per 5,000 children  1 per 1,000 babies  Men are twice as likely as women to develop osteomyelitis  2 out of 10,000 people get the infection  Male to female ratio is 2:1  Around 50% of cases of osteomyelitis are in preschool children  1 per 5,000 children  1 per 1,000 babies  Men are twice as likely as women to develop osteomyelitis

6. People who have:  HIV or AIDS  Alcoholism  Recent injury  Diabetes …usually get osteomyelitis...  HIV or AIDS  Alcoholism  Recent injury  Diabetes …usually get osteomyelitis...

7. Bones Come Infected By:  The blood stream  Open fracture  Surgery  The blood stream  Open fracture  Surgery

8. Effects on the Body  Adults that have chronic or acute Osteomyelitis  It affects pelvis or vertebrae of the spine  Also the feet  Children  Feet  Arms  Long bones  Adults that have chronic or acute Osteomyelitis  It affects pelvis or vertebrae of the spine  Also the feet  Children  Feet  Arms  Long bones

9. Affects on the Individual  Depending on the affected bone and whether the individual had an amputation, restrictions on weight lifting may be necessary

10. Testing and Detection  Bone x-ray  MRI of the bone  Bone scan  Bone biopsy  Complete blood count  Bone x-ray  MRI of the bone  Bone scan  Bone biopsy  Complete blood count

11. Therapies and Cures  Cure:  If treated promptly, there is a good chance of a complete cure  Therapy:  Systemic Antimicrobial Therapy  Most curative treatment regimens for osteomyelitis  Cure:  If treated promptly, there is a good chance of a complete cure  Therapy:  Systemic Antimicrobial Therapy  Most curative treatment regimens for osteomyelitis

12. Treatment  Drugs:  IV antibiotics for at least 4 to 6 weeks  Analgesics are prescribed as needed  Surgery  To remove dead tissue if the infection does not go away  If there is metal plates that need to be removed  To remove or replace and infected tissue in the area  The open space left by the removed bone tissue may be filled with bone graft or packing material  Drugs:  IV antibiotics for at least 4 to 6 weeks  Analgesics are prescribed as needed  Surgery  To remove dead tissue if the infection does not go away  If there is metal plates that need to be removed  To remove or replace and infected tissue in the area  The open space left by the removed bone tissue may be filled with bone graft or packing material

13. Prognosis  Usually, patients can make a full recovery without longstanding complications  If there is a long delay in diagnosis and treatment, or if there is significant bone and soft tissue injury due to trauma with compromised local blood supply, it can lead to permanent functional deficits and/or make the patient more prone to reoccurrence  Usually, patients can make a full recovery without longstanding complications  If there is a long delay in diagnosis and treatment, or if there is significant bone and soft tissue injury due to trauma with compromised local blood supply, it can lead to permanent functional deficits and/or make the patient more prone to reoccurrence

14. Conclusion  Osteomyelitis is a rare but serious condition that affects people with HIV, AIDS, etc...  It can be chronic or acute  Osteomyelitis is a rare but serious condition that affects people with HIV, AIDS, etc...  It can be chronic or acute

15. References  Bone and Joint Infections. (2010, January 20). Retrieved from ATSU: http://www.atsu.edu/faculty/chamberlain/website/lectures/lecture/bone2.htm  Complications. (1998-2015). Retrieved from Mayo Clinic: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases- conditions/osteomyelitis/basics/complications/con-20025518  Kenny, D. T. (August, 2013 30). Osteomyelitis. Retrieved from Patient: http://www.patient.co.uk/health/osteomyelitis- leaflet  Osteomyelitis (Bone Infection). (1996-2015). Retrieved from MedicineNet: http://www.medicinenet.com/osteomyelitis/article.htm  Osteomyelitis. (1991-2015). Retrieved from Disability guidelines: http://www.mdguidelines.com/osteomyelitis  Osteomyelitis. (2005-2015). Retrieved from WebMD: http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/osteomyeltis- treatment-diagnosis-symptoms  Osteomyelitis. (2015, March 16). Retrieved from Medline Plus: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000437.htm  Systemic Antimicrobial Therapy in Osteomyelitis. (2009, May). Retrieved from PMC: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2884905/  Bone and Joint Infections. (2010, January 20). Retrieved from ATSU: http://www.atsu.edu/faculty/chamberlain/website/lectures/lecture/bone2.htm  Complications. (1998-2015). Retrieved from Mayo Clinic: http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases- conditions/osteomyelitis/basics/complications/con-20025518  Kenny, D. T. (August, 2013 30). Osteomyelitis. Retrieved from Patient: http://www.patient.co.uk/health/osteomyelitis- leaflet  Osteomyelitis (Bone Infection). (1996-2015). Retrieved from MedicineNet: http://www.medicinenet.com/osteomyelitis/article.htm  Osteomyelitis. (1991-2015). Retrieved from Disability guidelines: http://www.mdguidelines.com/osteomyelitis  Osteomyelitis. (2005-2015). Retrieved from WebMD: http://www.webmd.com/pain-management/osteomyeltis- treatment-diagnosis-symptoms  Osteomyelitis. (2015, March 16). Retrieved from Medline Plus: http://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000437.htm  Systemic Antimicrobial Therapy in Osteomyelitis. (2009, May). Retrieved from PMC: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2884905/