1. Overview of The Immune System:

2. Outline for Lectures 2 & 3
The immune system is designed to eliminate pathogens.
Who are the infectious agents?
Overview of the two arms of the immune system: innate immunity & adaptive immunity.
What are the cell types involved with immune responses?
What are the important immunological tissues?

3. How do pathogens enter into the human body?
Parham, p. 3
How do pathogens enter into the human body?
What barriers are present in the human body to prevent entry/infection by pathogens?

4. Would the immune response towards each type of pathogen be identical?
Parham, p. 4

5. Innate Immunity Adaptive Immunity (acquired)
Humoral immunity & Cell Mediated Immunity

6. Comparison of Innate Immunity to Adaptive Immunity
Parham, P. 9

7. The relationship between innate & adaptive Immune responses:

8. The innate immune response is essential for elimination of a pathogen but not sufficient.
The adaptive immune response requires certain key players of the innate immune response to become activated.

9. The components of the immune system
Overview of Cell Types important in immunology

10. Where do the cells of the immune system come from?
Leukocytes-
Hematopoiesis:
Hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow
Undifferentiated
Pluripotent
Self-renewing

12. Progenitors: -Not self-renewing -Committed to differentiation
Granulocyte/
macrophage
progenitor

13. What stimulates the differentiation of stem cells & progenitor cells?
Hematopoietic Inducing Microenvironment:
Requires bone marrow stromal cells & growth factors (cytokines).
Kuby, Immunology, fig. 2-2

14. The leukocytes (WBC)
Kuby Immunology

15. The Cells Important in Immunology
A Closer Look

16. Lymphocytes: B lymphocytes (B cells) T lymphocytes (T cells)
Important for the adaptive immune response.

17. Surface receptor = Immunoglobulin (Ig).
B cells:
Surface receptor = Immunoglobulin (Ig).
Humoral Immunity.
kuby

18. T cells: Helper T cells (Th cells): Cytotoxic T cells (Tc or CTL):
T cell Receptor (TCR)
CD4+
Produce cytokines & direct immune responses.
Cytotoxic T cells (Tc or CTL):
TCR+
CD8+
Cytotoxic