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Overview of The Immune System:
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Outline for Lectures 2 & 3 The immune system is designed to eliminate pathogens. Who are the infectious agents? Overview of the two arms of the immune system: innate immunity & adaptive immunity. What are the cell types involved with immune responses? What are the important immunological tissues?
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How do pathogens enter into the human body?
Parham, p. 3 How do pathogens enter into the human body? What barriers are present in the human body to prevent entry/infection by pathogens?
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Would the immune response towards each type of pathogen be identical?
Parham, p. 4
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Innate Immunity Adaptive Immunity (acquired)
Humoral immunity & Cell Mediated Immunity
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Comparison of Innate Immunity to Adaptive Immunity
Parham, P. 9
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The relationship between innate & adaptive Immune responses:
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The innate immune response is essential for elimination of a pathogen but not sufficient.
The adaptive immune response requires certain key players of the innate immune response to become activated.
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The components of the immune system
Overview of Cell Types important in immunology
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Where do the cells of the immune system come from?
Leukocytes- Hematopoiesis: Hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow Undifferentiated Pluripotent Self-renewing
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Progenitors: -Not self-renewing -Committed to differentiation
Granulocyte/ macrophage progenitor
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What stimulates the differentiation of stem cells & progenitor cells?
Hematopoietic Inducing Microenvironment: Requires bone marrow stromal cells & growth factors (cytokines). Kuby, Immunology, fig. 2-2
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The leukocytes (WBC) Kuby Immunology
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The Cells Important in Immunology
A Closer Look
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Lymphocytes: B lymphocytes (B cells) T lymphocytes (T cells)
Important for the adaptive immune response.
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Surface receptor = Immunoglobulin (Ig).
B cells: Surface receptor = Immunoglobulin (Ig). Humoral Immunity. kuby
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T cells: Helper T cells (Th cells): Cytotoxic T cells (Tc or CTL):
T cell Receptor (TCR) CD4+ Produce cytokines & direct immune responses. Cytotoxic T cells (Tc or CTL): TCR+ CD8+ Cytotoxic
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