1. The Spread of Revolution in Belgium  In 1815, the Congress of Vienna had united Belgium; wanted to create a strong barrier to help prevent French expansion in the future.  Had different languages, religions, and economic interests; economy was based on manufacturing; the Dutch, on trade.  The Conservative Powers wanted to save the king, Catholic Church, and restore their old traditions.  As a result in 1831, Belgium became an independent state with a liberal constitution.

2. The Spread of Revolution in Poland  Nationalists in Poland staged an uprising in 1830.  Failed to win independence for their country.  Late 1700s, Russia, Austria, and Prussia had divided up Poland.  Hoped that Congress of Vienna would restore their homeland in 1815.  Great Powers handed most of Poland to Russia.

3. How did the revolution spread in 1830?  The revolts in Paris inspired uprising elsewhere in Europe. Most were suppressed by military force. But here and there, rebels did win changes from conservative governments. Even when they failed, revolutionaries frightened rulers badly enough to encourage reform later in the century.