1. Christopher Columbus – Primary Sources

2. Warm Up - Answer in your warm-up section What was the Columbian Exchange? What invisible item was transported in the Columbian Exchange?

3. What you should have completed on page 22 Page 22 “Columbian Exchange Map”

4. What you should have completed on page 23 PositivesNegatives 1) Which side had more positive goods exchanged and why? 2) Which side had more negatives and why were the exchanges so harmful? 3) What was the overall effect of the Columbian Exchange? Columbian Exchange Impact

5. Age of Exploration Study Guide Record the following terms on pages 24. ●Silk Road ●Christopher Columbus ●Importance of Portugal ●Da Gama ●Magellan ●Cabot ●New Technology ●Transatlantic Slave Trade ●Middle Passage ●Columbian Exchange ●Gold, God, & Glory ●Prince Henry ●New World ●Old World ●Northwest Passage

6. Today is Columbus Day! Columbus Day is a U.S. holiday that commemorates the landing of Christopher Columbus in the New World on October 12, 1492. It was unofficially celebrated in a number of cities and states as early as the 18th century but did not become a federal holiday until the 1937. For many, the holiday is a way of both honoring Columbus’ achievements and celebrating Italian-American heritage.

7. Columbus Video ● You are responsible for the following during the video: 3-2-1 ● 3 things Columbus did ● 2 questions you still have about Columbus ● 1 thing you found the most interesting

8. RAD Strategy ● When a good historian is asked a question, he or she answers in a complete thought. The answer to a question should include all information so that the reader does not need to know the question in order to understand. ● We will use the RAD strategy to do this.

9. Copy this chart in your notebook on page 25 R- restate A- answer D-detail Example: How did Christopher Columbus treat the American Indians? Christopher Columbus treated the American Indians poorly by capturing them, enslaving them and violently killing them. “RAD Strategy”

10. Let’s Practice ● Use the RAD (Restate, Answer, Detail) strategy to answer the following question: ● What is your favorite subject? Underline where you restated the question. Circle your answer. Put a box around the details. Do you have all 3 parts?

11. Find Analyzing Primary Sources - Practice in Google Classroom ● We will examine the first source together. ● After we read, answer the questions with your table using the RAD strategy. ● Record the answers in your notebook.

12. Let’s Practice with Sources ● SOURCE ONE: “Columbus and the Indians”- An excerpt from A Young People’s History of the United States by Howard Zinn. Copyright: 2009 Columbus’ promises [to the King and Queen of Spain, of gold and slaves] won him seventeen ships and more than 1,200 men for his second expedition. The aim was clear: slaves and gold. They went from island to island capturing Indians… Columbus’ men searched Haiti for gold, with no success. They had to fill up the ships with something, so in 1495 they went on a great slave raid. Two hundred slaves [out of 500] died on the voyage to Spain. Too many slaves died in captivity. Columbus was desperate to show a profit on his voyages. He had to make good on his promise to fill the ships with gold. Columbus and his men ordered everyone over the age of 13 to collect gold for them. Indians who did not give gold to the Spaniards had their hands cut off and bled to death.

13. Responding with RAD – Respond in your notebook 1. Is “Columbus and the Indians” a primary or secondary source? 1. Why did Columbus go on the Great Slave Raid? 1. Why was Columbus desperate to find gold? Let’s Share and Discuss

14. SOURCE TWO: Thomas de Bry Paintings-Paintings created in the 1500’s to illustrate books about the explorers. De Bry never visited the Americas.

15. Respond to these questions using RAD 5. Based on these paintings, what happened to the Indians? (Use details from the paintings) 6. Columbus and his men were desperate to find gold for the King and Queen. Do you think they explained how they tried to get the gold? Let’s Share and Discuss

16. Analyzing Sources – Individual work 1. Find Source Documents CC 2. Examine the sources 3. Answer the questions on the document in Google Classroom BE SURE TO USE RAD STRATEGY TO ANSWER ALL QUESTIONS!

17. Exit Ticket 1. Why do we use the RAD strategy to answer questions? a. It helps us give COMPLETE answers to questions b. It allows someone who has not read the question to understand the answer c. It allows us to give an answer and an explanation d. All of the above 1. Which of the following statements best describes Columbus’ treatment of the Indians? a. He was kind to them b. He established trade relations with them c. He enslaved them and forced them to look for gold d. He allowed them to rule the Spanish colonies in the New World

18. Columbus – Hero or Villain? ● Based on what you learned today, do you think Christopher was a hero or a villain? Explain your answer.