2. (Everything you wanted to know about epic poetry but were afraid to ask!)

3. The Epic X A long, narrative poem told in an exalted style (grand manner) that tells of the exploits and adventures of a hero X Oral Tradition –the way a culture passed on its history, legends, myths, and stories from one generation to the next –essential means of archiving history before written language, printing, and mass media –often includes rhythm, rhyme, and repetition

4. The Epic X Significant to a particular race or culture-- part of a given culture’s history and mythology X Often based in literal truth X Reveal that culture’s value and belief systems and character X Certain elements may be universal, transcending cultural, geographical, and historical boundaries

5. Beowulf as Epic: Anglo-Saxon Scops X Professional tribal poets X Celebrated cultural values by singing epics on occasions of great ceremony and festivity X Presented the stories, legends, myths, values, belief systems, and histories of the Anglo- Saxon culture X Passed them down from one generation to the next

6. Beowulf as Epic: Scops X Fulfilled many roles in an Anglo Saxon tribe: court singer tribal historian genealogist teacher composer critic warrior traveler and reporter

7. Beowulf as Epic X Cultural values embodied in Beowulf: –Loyalty –Valor (courage, bravery) –Selflessness (willingness to sacrifice self for the good of the people) –Justice

8. Beowulf as Epic X Prevailing philosophies & religious beliefs evident in Beowulf: –Uneasy mix of Christian and pagan elements (images, symbols, beliefs) –Incl. fatalism: a belief that humans are not in control of their own destinies; Fate is.