1. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 1 Valer Tosa National Institute R&D Isotopic Molecular Technologies, Cluj-Napoca, Romania Macroscopic Effects in Single Attosecond Pulse Generation Carlo Altucci, Raffaele Velotta Dipartimento di Scienze Fisiche, Università Federico II, Napoli, Italy

2. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 2

3. 3 Layout 1.Tools for numerical modeling of SAP 2.A proposed sheme to obtain a single attosecond pulse (SAP) 3.The mechanism of SAP formation 4.Analysis of scheme feasibility 5.Conclusions

4. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 4 A B C Tools

5. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 5 Scheme of Principle BS M G M HWP INPUT OUTPUT PA [for details see C. Altucci et al, Opt. Lett. 33, 2943 (2008) ]

6. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 6 1D mechanism of SAP formation (1)

7. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 7 1D mechanism of SAP formation

8. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 8 Trajectory analysis (on-axis) Trajectory phase: V. Tosa et al. PRA 79, 043828 (2009)

9. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 9 3D SAP formation

10. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 10 SAP selection

11. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 11 Explore the limits of the method

12. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 12 Explore the limits of the method (2) Intensity variation

13. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 13 Explore the limits of the method (4)

14. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 14 Explore the limits of the method (3) Using a truncated gaussian

15. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 15 Method efficiency Case calculated using the polarization gate and conditions specified in L. J. Sola, et al. Nat. Phys. 2, 319 (2006)

16. UDIM09, Ischia island, Naples, Italy 16 Conclusions Polarization gate does not always insure a SAP at single dipole level High brightness SAP can be generated if the interplay among polarization, ionization, and spatial filtering is properly applied The proposed scheme could produce single attosecond pulse from multicycle lasers