1. Thursday, October 1, 2015

2. Announcements CASAS #2 Wednesday Test Thursday Units 8-12

3. Agenda Friends Finish Unit 10 Meeting at 9:00

5. Adverbs with present perfect She has just gotten back from a trip. She has recently made a trip. She has made a trip recently. She has made several trips lately. She has been abroad twice. What adverbs can be used with the present perfect? What do just, lately and recently express? Action happened in the recent past. Do we know when the action happened? (no) What does the adverb twice express? That the action happened twice in the past.

6. Adverbs with present perfect She has just gotten back from a trip. She has recently made a trip. She has made a trip recently. She has made several trips lately. She has been abroad twice. Find a. an adverb that goes between a form of have and a the past participle or at the end of a sentence. b. an adverb that goes between a form of have and the past participle c. Two adverbs that go at the end of the sentence.

7. Adverbs with yes or no and wh- questions Have you ever climbed a mountain? How often have you been on a safari? (How many times?) Which question asks if something happened? Which question asks if something happened several times? How can you answer these questions? No, I haven’t. No, never.

8. Grammar Note 1 Use the present perfect to talk about things that happened at an indefinite (not exact) time in the past, Use the present perfect when you don’t know when something happened or when the specific time is not important. Ex. I’ve visited the Metropolitan Museum in New York. Ex. Bruce has been to the Tate Museum in London. Remember! When the time is important, we use the simple past.

9. Note 1 Ex. I’ve visited the Metropolitan Museum in New York. Ex. Bruce has been to the Tate Museum in London. In the first example, do you think the speaker knows when the action happened? Yes Why doesn’t he say it then? Because it is NOT IMPORTANT! What about the second sentence?

10. The flight has been cancelled. The result of the action is important in the present. The flight has been cancelled. The result: We won’t be able to fly.

11. Been to and gone to She has been to the supermarket. (been to  the person is back) She has gone to the supermarket. (gone to  the person in still there). Where have you been to?

12. Note 2 We use the present perfect with adverbs to talk about the indefinite past. 1. I’ve often traveled by plane. always never 2. I’ve traveled by plane twice many times. a. We use the present perfect with often, twice, or many times for something that happened several times at an indefinite past.

13. Note 2 b. We use the present perfect with always for something that continues up to the present and with never for something that did not happen before now. I’ve always wanted to go to Rome. – something that continues up to the present. I’ve never gone. – something that did not happen before now.

14. Note 2 Use ever to ask questions. It means at any time before now. Use never for negative answers. Have you ever ridden an elephant? Yes, once. Yes, I once rode an elephant in India. No, never. No, I’ve never ridden an elephant. When we answer positively, we add more information. To answer negatively, we normally use never.

15. Note 2 D. I haven’t been to the beach lately. I have been to the beach recently. / I’ve recently been to the beach. I’ve just been to the beach. Which sentence means that I’ve just been to the beach a short time ago? Which sentence means I’ve been to the beach in the near past? Which sentence means I’ve not been to the beach in the near past?

16. Usage note In American English, we often use just and recently with the simple past. You can’t use lately with the simple past. I’ve just returned. I just returned. I returned lately. X Do not use the present perfect with adverbs that refer to the definite past time. I got back yesterday. NOT I’ve gotten back yesterday.

17. Note 3 She’s been here twice. I’ve been here many times. I’ve always wanted to stay there. We’ve often talked about it. I’ve just had dinner. I haven’t flown lately. He’s recently flown a lot./ He’s flown a lot recently.

18. Questions for you 1.Where to frequency adverbs go? 2.Where do adverbs such as once, twice or many times go? 3.Where does just go? 4.Where does recently go? 5.Where does lately go?

19. Questions for you 1.Where to frequency adverbs go? between a form of have and the past participle 1.Where do adverbs such as once, twice or many times go? At the end of the sentence. 1.Where does just go? Between a form of have and a past participle 1.Where does recently go? Between a form of have and a past participle or at the end of a sentence 1.Where does lately go? At the end of the sentence.