1. AO4 LO: To identify the barriers which may affect as service user. To examine the effectiveness of tools which support those with additional needs.

2. What are environmental barriers? Transport Access to buildings Access to social life Access to information Access to work Access to sport & leisure

3. Transport Being able to move freely from place to place is something many of us take for granted. Those with additional needs (whatever it may be ) may find the design of cars, buses, trains etc restrict their ability to make use of public transport.

4. Access to Buildings How might the following restrict the access to a building? Stairs Heavy doors Unrestricted parking Lifts Poor lighting

5. Access to social life Those with additional needs may experience feelings of isolation. This may be for a number of reasons: Many social activities happen outside the home They may not be able to get there They may not be able to access the building Doorways may not be wide enough Stairs may be in the way with no lift or ramp alternative.

6. Access to information Where do you go if you want information? Language Literacy Internet Friends Books Television Newspaper

7. Access to sport & leisure Access to sporting and leisure facilities can be restricted for those with mobility issues. Football grounds tend to have disabled areas but this can be limited. Night clubs may not allow entry for health and safety reasons as wheel chairs are often seen as fire hazards. Changing facilities and shower rooms have to be specially adapted to allow those with additional needs to make full use.

8. Access to work In the past there were often problems with discrimination, a lot of work places had problems with access and equipment. However the DDA has changed all this

9. Barriers will differ for different individuals Depending on their individual needs and now educators, employers and public buildings must have an inclusion policy. Barriers to learning

10. Task 2 Explain how three barriers restrict the service user, socially and economically. In this task you must: Describe thoroughly three barriers which may restrict the service user. Outline the implications of these three barriers on the social and economic life, with specific reference to the service user. Analysis the limitations of opportunities to participate fully in the social and economic life of their society

11. Task 3 & Task 4 Identify a range of methods of support, aids and equipment, which may be used to enhance the life of the service user. Evaluate the impact of these methods on the life of the service user, with reasoned judgements to identify the positive and negative factors associated with these methods.

12. Overcoming barriers What help is available for those with additional needs? Government legislation Charity & volunteer agencies Education NHS Inclusion

13. What organisations? Step 1: Visit www.portage.org.ukwww.portage.org.uk Read the list of support that is available to parents/ carers of children with disabilities. Discuss each characteristic of the support offered and say how this will help both the parent and the child with a disability. Use the comments from the parents to back up your answer.

14. Makaton What is makaton? Can you learn simple signs and present it to your group?

15. Assistance with daily routine Respite care Holiday play schemes Care at home Some aids and adaptations Financial help

16. Types of respite care Children’s holiday schemes: arranged by voluntary or charity organisations but paid for by family or government. Own home care: Care provided in the home offers a relaxed and comfortable setting. Can be a short or long term care e.g. daily, weekly visits or just for a fixed period. Family link care: This can be were a child or disabled person can go stay with an approved carer. Residential accommodation: this can be in a hospital, hospice or sheltered housing setting. Think about Orana or the fold complex we have locally.

17. Aids and adaptations An occupational therapist will come to the home to assess the adaptations needed to support the needs of those with additional needs. Extension to doorways Ramp & stair access Toilet assess Shower or bath facilities. Equipment and Adaptations http://www.warrington.gov.uk/childrenandyo ungpeople/additionalneeds/financialsuppor t/equipment_adaptations.aspx

18. Examples of equipment which maybe supplied by the NHS Appliances for colostomies Communications aids Wound dressings Hearing/vision aids Urinary catheters Pressure relieving cushions and mattresses Continence pads Wheelchair and walking aids Artificial limbs Surgical appliances Elastic stockings

19. Education & training The below organisation and ideas all ensure there are opportunities for those with additional needs to receive and education and training. LEA: Schools and special schooling Responsible for producing a statement of the students needs and an annual review of how they are being met. Learning and skills Council Modern Apprenticeship programme Job centre plus and Connexions New Deal for Disable people hertsdirect.org Hertfordshire Additional Needs Database (HAND) http://www.hertsdirect.org/caresupport/childf am/specialneeds/service/service/register/