1. RUSSIA

2. USSR  From Tsarist Rule…  Communist Revolution in 1917  Superpower  Democratic Revolution in 1991  …To Russian Federation

3. HYBRID SYSTEM  Oligarchy = small group of advisors  Real Democracy = struggle over freedoms  Illiberal Democracy = on paper but not free  Autocratic = deference to authority  Statism = strong state protects form outside  Which one?

4. PEOPLE AND PLACE  Geography  Change  Large  Tradition  Statist  Orthodoxy  Equality

5. CHANGE  Government  Autocratic Tsars  Totalitarian Communism  Democratic Oligarchy  Institutions  Democratic Centralism  Nomenklatura  Politburo  Economic  New Economic Policy  Collectivization  Gosplan  Reforms  Glastnost  Democratization  Perestoika

6. CITIZENS AND THE STATE  Contradictions  Support idea of democracy  Desire more freedom …but…  Like strong government  Want powerful leaders  Cleavages  Nationality  Religion  Social Class  Urban/Rural  Attitudes  Mistrust Gov. and  Statist  Econ Transition and  Westernization

7. PARTICIPATION  100% voting rate  Choose within Party  Undeveloped Civil Society  State Corporatism  Nashi

8. PARTIES  Weak structures  Short lifespan  Personalistic  Limited power  Not Ideological  United Russia  Communist Party  Liberal Democrats  A Just Russia  “Parties of Power”

9. CORPORATISM  Top Oligarchs  Own 50% of GNP  “Insider Privatization”  Russian Mafia  protection money  corruption  Media  Pravda

10. INSTITUTIONS  Semi-Presidential  President  Prime Minister  Bureaucrats  Bicameral  Federation Council  Duma  Courts  Constitutional  Supreme  KGB  Reinforce State Authority  Military  Loyal to Government

11. POLICY AND ISSUES  Economy wavering into marketization and too oil dependent  Foreign Policy dealing with Confederation of Independent States and the West  Recentralization of Power under Putin and in the Kremlin  Development of Civil Society against History of Statism  Terrorism  Loss of Population

12. VIDEOS  http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/putins-way/ http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/putins-way/  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7P7mOPKiKz8&list=PLhuA9d7RIOdaixGF11t 91dOEXf1N2q-oL x 8 in Russian with subtitles https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7P7mOPKiKz8&list=PLhuA9d7RIOdaixGF11t 91dOEXf1N2q-oL  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USUA_1WVM8I part 1 in English https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=USUA_1WVM8I