1. Selection Decision Tools Revisited Economically Relevant Traits vs. Indicator Traits B. L. Golden California Polytechnic State University, SLO

2. Sire Summary of the Future? Birth direct Birth maternal Weaning direct Weaning maternal Total maternal Yearling direct 600 d direct Calving direct Calving maternal Carcass wt Rib fat Rump fat LMA Marb score Quality grade % Retail yield Lbs (kg) retail yield Yield grade Us LMA US rib fat Us % IMF Fat percentage Condition score Gestation length Days to calving Calving interval Stayability Heifer pregnancy rate Rebreeding rate Calf weaned/cow exposed Scrotal circumference Pelvic area Frame score Muscle score Udder score Docility Tick score Parasite egg count Mature weight Maintenance energy Feed efficiency Drop weight Type score Uterine score Tooth score Precocity score Feedlot feed consumption Feedlot surv. Pre-wean surv. Serving capacity Serving proportion Semen volume Hip height Leg score Length productive life Doing ability Grand-maternal weaning Twinning rate Days to 11mm BF Days to 75% Choice Days to carc wt. Hair whorl score Average daily gain Wt. /day of age Liver weight Resting heart rate Pulmonary arteriole pressure Brisket disease rate Bravery Aggression

3. Sire Summary of the Future Economically Relevant Traits vs. Indicator Traits

4. Economically Relevant Traits 2000 Golden, B.L., D.J. Garrick, S. Newman, and R.M. Enns. 2000. Economically relevant traits: A framework for the next generation of EPDs. Proc. Beef Improvement Federation 32nd Annual Research Symposium and Annual Meeting, Wichita, Kansas. pp 2-13. “Economically relevant traits are the traits that directly affect profitability by being associated with a specific cost of production or an income stream.”

5. Economically Relevant: Probability Of Calving Ease Indicators: –Birth Weight –Pelvic Area –Gestation Length ?

6. Economically Relevant: Sale Weight Indicators: –Weaning Weight –Yearling Weight –Carcass Weight –Maternal Weaning (Milk) ?

7. Economically Relevant: Maintenance Feed Required Indicators: –Mature Cow Weight –Condition Score –Milk (weaning maternal) –Gut Weight ?

8. Economically Relevant Trait: Stayability (or LPL) Indicators: –Calving Interval –Days to Calving –Milk Production –Size –Fleshing Ability –Calving Records ?

9. Heifer Pregnancy Indicators: –Scrotal circumference –Age at puberty –Pregnancy observations ?

10. Scrotal Circumference EBV

11. Heifer Pregnancy EBV

12. Sire Summary Of The Future Weaning Weight Maternal Weaning Yearling Weight Carcass Weight Cow Maintenance Feed Required Stayability (LPL) Heifer Pregnancy Calving Ease Maternal Calving Ease Tenderness (Marbling) Retail Yield Feed Required for Gain

13. Economic Values on Economically Relevant Traits Marketing System Management Conditions Risk Aversion Goals Capital Constraints

14. Tools for Determining Economic Values Napkin, Matchbook, back of envelope, etc. Breeding Objectives Software Modelling

15. EPDs are only parameters for financial models Manufacturing Simulation