1. Quality of Work Life HR Accounting HRIS

2. Quality of Work Life Quality of Work Life (QWL)
was first introduced in 1972 during an international labour relations conference (Hian and Einstein, 1990).
QWL is defined as the favourable conditions and environments of a workplace that support and promote employee satisfaction by providing them with rewards, job security, and growth opportunities (Udai Pareek and T. Venkateshwara Rao).

3. Quality of Work Life
Important work on QWL has been done by Dr. D.R. Saklani in the Indian context.
In his study he surveyed 192 managers and 102 non managers in both private and public sector industries and
Identified 13 QWL components on the basis of employees’ perception about the significance of each component.

4. Components of QWL QWL COMPONENTS RANK ORDER
Opportunity for continued growth 1
Most Important
Opportunity to use and develop human capacity 2
Adequate and fair compensation 3
Reward and penalty system 4
Fringe benefits and welfare measures 5
Participation in decision making 6
Very Important
Job security 7
Image of organization 8
Important
Work and total life space 9
Work load and job stress 10
Equity, justice and grievance handling 11
Human relations and social aspect of work life 12
Physical work environment 13
Moderate Important
D.R. Saklani: Quality of Work Life in the Indian Context: An Empirical Investigation

5. QWL and Organizational Efficiency
It encourages workers to participate with management in making decisions.
It results in increasing organizational effectiveness, and improving worker satisfaction, commitment and performance (Nadler and Lawler, 1983).
QWL leads to
improved employee satisfaction and fulfillment,
increased mutual trust,
improved employee-supervisor relationships,
reduced stress and improved health,
reduced counterproductive attitudes and behaviours,
increased job security,
reduced grievances,
better utilization of human resources,
deeper sense of worker responsibility,
reduced labour-management conflict,
increased productivity,
a strengthened position of companies in competitive markets.
(Steers and Porter, 1983).

6. Human Resource Accounting
Human Resource Accounting (HRA) is
the process of identifying and measuring data about human resources and communicating this information to interested parties (The American Accounting Association’s Committee , 1973).
the measurement and reporting of the cost and value of people in organizational resources (Flamholtz, 1971).

7. Human Resource Accounting
HRA, thus,
not only involves measurement of all the costs/investments associated with the recruitment, placement, training and development of employees, but also
the quantification of the economic value of the people in an organisation.
HRA is
a management tool which is designed to assist senior management in understanding the long term cost and benefit implications of their HR decisions so that better business decisions can be taken.

8. Purposes served by HRA
It furnishes cost/value information for making management decisions about acquiring, allocating, developing, and maintaining human resources in order to attain cost-effectiveness;
It allows management personnel to monitor effectively the use of human resources;
It provides a sound and effective basis of human asset control, that is, whether the asset is appreciated, depleted or conserved;
It helps in the development of management principles by classifying the financial consequences of various practices Likert (1971).

9. Measurements in HRA The cost approach which
involves methods based on the costs incurred by the company, with regard to an employee.
The economic value approach which
includes methods based on the economic value of the human resources and their contribution to the company’s gains.