1. sTGC Trigger Electronics sTGC Trigger Electronics ATLAS New Small Wheel Milestone Meeting 17-18 January 2013 Lorne Levinson L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics1NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013

2. L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics2

3. Centroid algorithm L. Levinson, December 2012 sTGC Electronics Overview, Les Houches NSW Electronics Workshop 3 Use average of centroids in each quad to define space points R1 & R2 1, 2, or even 3 of the 4 centroids of a quadruplet are omitted in averaging if: –  -ray's: wide (>5 strips) – Neutrons: large charge or wide – Noise: single strip – Pileup, i.e. pulse in a component strip is active before the trigger

4. Read out ASD has pipeline and derandomizer. – Supports a token readout where up to 32 ASDs can share, in sequence, a serial output line (empty ASDs are skipped) A chain of ASDs can be connected to one GBT E-link – Optimize number of chains versus their bandwidth depending on expected occupancy GBTs for read out on Level-1 Accept: – all strip, pad, wire ASDs: 1-2 GBTs for each of 3 multiplets in one 1/16 th  4x16 = 64 fibre links per side from NSW periphery to USA15 – Pad trigger – Centroid finder input (from TDS) and output (to SL) The same GBTs can do the configuration of the ASD and TDS and provide the TTC signals. (Pad Trigger GBT configures Pad Trigger and Router.) There will be a common ROD for the sTGC and MicroMegas. – Platform/technology not yet decided L. Levinson, December 2012 sTGC Electronics Overview, Les Houches NSW Electronics Workshop 4

5. Builds tower coincidences from 3-out-4 coincidences in the two quads Identifies which bands of strips should be read out to the centroid logic – Pad signals synchronized to BC clock in the ASD or TDS ~1549 (1387) pad inputs per large (small) sector – serialized 32:1 by Trigger Data Serializer ASIC & transmitted in 1 BC On-periphery so it can be programmable Provides the BCID tagging of the strip trigger data Pad trigger L. Levinson, December 2012 sTGC Electronics Overview, Les Houches NSW Electronics Workshop 5 32

6. BCID synchronization Note that BCID is defined by the pad logic BCID is assigned to strip data in TDS ASIC and pushed thru’ the system No need to synchronize along the path Resynchronized to BC on output to Sector Logic The Router is passive: it merely choses the active channel and routes it to the output optical link – (GBT cannot be used: its Tx thru’ Rx latency is too high (~175ns)) L. Levinson, December 2012 sTGC Electronics Overview, Les Houches NSW Electronics Workshop 6

7. Basics of triggering with pads NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics7 from Daniel Lellouch Pivot MM Confirm Trigger: 3-out-of 4 & 3-out-of-4

8. Pad definitions NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics8 All lot of recent work by Giora Mikenberg and Daniel Lellouch on pad geometry. on the NSW Wiki Zoom to see details from Daniel Lellouch

9. NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics9

10. Improving granularity by Pad staggering Pivot Layer 1 Pivot Layer 2 NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics10 from Daniel Lellouch

11. Pivot/Confirm wedges are also staggered wrt each other: 1/4 th pad granularity Pivot Layers 1&2 Confirm Layers 1&2 NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics11 from Daniel Lellouch

12. Shift pads to reduce complexity, accidentals Pivot Layers 1&2 Pivot Layers 3&4 Tracks disperse between layers due to multiple scattering, z-spread of IP, and bending by magnetic field. Shift reduces complexity of pad logic and accidental coincidences: for pad j, need to look for coincidence in next layer only in pad j+1, not j±1 J+1 J NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics12 from Daniel Lellouch

13. Complete picture Pivot Layers 1&2 Confirm Layers 3&4 Confirm Layers 1&2 Pivot Layers 3&4 NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics13 from Daniel Lellouch The various trigger towers and the logic defining them for such an over- lapping scheme has been described by a fast Monte Carlo which is being used to evaluate and check the scheme.

14. Configuration of 12x4 VMM ASDs NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics14 Each VMM has 1072 configuration bits. Shifted in and out serially ADC with serial output will be added (Technion). Potentially useful for chamber testing with cosmics at construction sites

15. Latency – recent changes Fiber to USA15: 5.5 to 5ns/m (495 → 450ns) – Specified as a T/DAQ requirement for all systems ASD latency: from 10ns → 25ns (measured) With FADC, strip data now waits for the Pad Trigger – Use pulse from falling edge of threshold-to-peak – Adds 25ns wait for peak compared to pulse from threshold crossing Added better estimates of TOF and delays to/from Pad trigger Centroid runs at least 250MHz (was 200MHz, expect more improvement) – Worst case: 65ns → 52ns Increased estimates of latency for the serial links from TDS to Router and from Centroid Logic to Sector Logic  Essentially no net change on total latency estimate. NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics15

16. Latency requirement: <1050 ns L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics16NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013 Latency from the interaction point, through the sTGC trigger logic for the NSW to the Sector Logic in USA-15. All times are estimates, except for the centroid finder and the VMM1 ASD latency which have been measured.

17. Combined MM-sTGC trigger Will probably use ATCA for USA15 trigger modules Both MM and sTGC trigger modules in same crate One or two ATCA crates per side MM and sTGC trigger modules communicate via ATCA backplane ATCA crate (14 slots) board is 8U high x 28cm deep. – Official ATLAS recommendations for ATCA almost ready e.g. TTC is external to the crate, not in the backplane – full mesh backplane, 6-10G per lane What to combine??? Vectors Probably not hits How to combine??? Exchange data Identical merging Only one sends to SL NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics17

18. Issues – NSW Elx working groups WG1: VMM analog issues On-chamber topics: VMM digital/readout Companion “TDS” chip TTC distribution config of VMM+TDS Connections to GBT, GBT and readout fibers to USA15 On-chamber DCS: SCA, sensors, etc. Lay-out of the on-chamber electronics Power, cooling, shielding & grounding WG3: Backend Backend readout, DCS, configuration, trigger and event data monitoring WG2: Trigger data transport High speed serializer for TDS, Router for sTGC (and MM if not using GBT for trigger) sTGC Router on NSW periphery WG4: Trigger Trigger backend platform and interfacing to TTC sTGC trigger – Pad trigger – USA15 trigger logic – Readout of trigger info (incl pads) MM trigger – USA15 trigger logic – Readout of trigger info NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics18

19. NSW electronics: Critical issues TDS ASIC – ASICs take time – Michigan and Chile interested On-chamber 6Gb/s serializer + electro-optics – Serializer: SMU for Lar: 16 bits X 500Mz = 8Gb/s: in R&D – Does an appropriate commercial serializer exist? – Electro-optics: Versalink (<~7Gb/s?) from CERN ESE: exists ATLAS Readout Upgrade Working group – Will define Phase II requirements which we must meet – Moving towards a Common ROD(s). Natural for us to participate Power and cooling: 8-10KW @ 1.2V on detector NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics19

20. The end NSW Milestone Meeting, 17 Jan 2013L. Levinson, sTGC Trigger Electronics20

21. 27-28 June 2005 EBEX Collaboration Meeting -- Lorne Levinson, Weizmann 21 ATCA PICMG 3.0 specification NO backplane bus: Full mesh or dual redundant star – via 100  differential serial interconnects – supports 1G E’net, Infiniband, PCI-Express, Fibre Channel, … 8U high by 280mm deep – c.f. VME: 6U or 9U Single 48V DC distribution  local on-board generation/regulation of all voltages Wider front panel for user IO, mezz, cooling – 6HP (1.2”) c.f. 4HP for VME Dual starFull mesh