1. ADVERB CLAUSES A type of Subordinate (Dependent) Clause

2. Adverb Clause  A subordinate clause that functions as an adverb  It modifies  A verb  Adjective  Another adverb

3.  Unless it rains, young plants cannot grow.  What verb does this adverb clause modify?

4.  The animals seemed nervous whenever rolling thunder began.  What adjective does this adverb clause modify?

5.  The rain fell sooner than we had expected.  What adverb does this adverb clause modify?

6. Subordinating Conjunctions  An introductory adverb clause is always followed by a comma.  When these words or phrases begin an adverb clause, they’re referred to as subordinating conjuctions.

7. Subordinating Conjunctions  After  Although  As…as  As long as  As soon as  As though  Because  Before  Even though  If  In order that  Provided that  Since  So that  Than  Though  Unless  Until  When  Whenever  Where  Whereas  Wherever  Whether  while

8. Elliptical Adverb Clause  When words are omitted from an adverb clause, the clause is called an elliptical adverb clause. You can see the missing words in brackets below.  Yesterday’s rain fell harder than today’s [did].  The farmers are more concerned about rainfall than the merchants are [concerned about rainfall].  We won’t worry as long as you don’t [worry].  Have you ever known anyone as lucky as Felice [is]?